低温适应型植物根际促生细菌的筛选及促生效应研究

发布时间：2018-02-25 10:22

  本文关键词： 低温适应型根际促生菌 微生物肥料 促生特性 促生效应 盆栽试验 土壤酶活性　出处：《南京农业大学学报》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：[目的]优良菌种是微生物肥料的基础,低温适应型菌株对于研制在低温条件下应用的微生物肥料具有重要意义,本研究基于菌株的低温适应性筛选植物根际促生菌。[方法]利用稀释涂布的分菌方法从土壤样品中分离出快速生长的根际促生菌,并筛选在低温条件下生长良好的菌株,进一步分析所筛菌株的促生特性,通过盆栽试验验证促生效果,并研究微生物肥料对土壤酶活性的影响,探究所筛菌株的促生机制。[结果]初筛所得36株菌株均具有溶磷、产NH3、产吲哚乙酸(IAA)及产嗜铁素等一种或多种促生性能,其中具有产氨能力的14株,占所筛菌株的38.9%;产IAA的20株,占所筛菌株的55.6%;产铁载体的12株,占所筛菌株的33.3%;具有溶解有机磷能力的15株,占所筛菌株的41.7%。通过低温生长验证,8株菌可以在低温(15℃)下生长,均具有产NH3和产IAA的促生特性,菌株D4的IAA产量最大,达到162 mg·L~(-1)。结合盆栽促生试验结果,最终选择D4和R1两株芽孢杆菌制作生物有机肥在冬季大棚的低温条件下进行肥效试验。结果表明生物有机肥对青菜的株高、根长和鲜质量的影响均高于普通有机肥和化肥。土壤酶活性测定结果表明,生物有机肥与化肥混施处理使土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶和碱性磷酸酶活性显著增加。基于16S rRNA基因进行序列同源性分析,菌株D4为巨大芽孢杆菌,菌株R1为短小芽孢杆菌。[结论]所筛选得到的低温适应型根际促生菌和研制的生物肥料,具有在寒冷地区农业生产中应用的潜力。
[Abstract]:[objective] excellent bacteria species are the basis of microbial fertilizer, and low temperature adapted strains are of great significance for the development of microbial fertilizer under low temperature conditions. In this study, rhizosphere growth promoting bacteria were screened based on the low temperature adaptability of strains. [methods] Rapid growing rhizosphere promoting bacteria were isolated from soil samples by dilution coating method, and strains growing well at low temperature were screened. The effects of microbial fertilizer on soil enzyme activity were studied, and the growth promoting mechanism of the screening strain was studied. [results] the 36 strains obtained from the primary screening all had phosphorus solubilization, and the effect of microbial fertilizer on soil enzyme activity was studied. Among them, 14 strains with ammonia production capacity, accounting for 38.9% of the screened strains, 20 strains producing IAA, accounting for 55.6% of the screened strains, 12 strains of iron carriers, 15 strains with ability to dissolve organophosphorus, 41.7% of the screened strains. It was proved by low temperature growth that 8 strains could grow at 15 鈩，

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