稻壳生物炭与肥料配施对稻田镉铅铬砷的钝化与肥效的影响

发布时间：2018-02-26 16:18

本文关键词： 水稻稻壳生物炭重金属肥料　出处：《复旦学报(自然科学版)》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以稻壳生物炭为研究对象,在田间试验条件下,研究了生物炭与氮磷钾复合肥和微生物肥料配施对稻田镉(Cd),铅(Pb),铬(Cr)和砷(As)钝化与土壤肥效的影响.结果表明,稻壳生物炭与氮磷钾(NPK)复合肥配施,水稻籽粒中Cd,Pb,Cr和As的含量比对照分别降低77.3%,71.9%,14.7%和40.0%.与微生物肥料配施水稻籽粒Pb,As和Cd的吸收量分别比对照降低79.3%,75.6%和52.0%.生物炭与肥料配施对各元素的富集系数依次表现为根茎籽粒,相同处理对各元素的富集系数依次表现为As,CdPb,Cr.生物炭与复合肥和微生物肥料配施均增加了水稻产量,与对照相比,生物炭与复合肥和微生物肥料配施田间产量分别增加了6%和5%.与生物炭和微生物肥配施相比,稻壳生物炭和NPK复合肥配施在降低水稻籽粒中Pb,As,Cr,Cd的含量及水稻各部位重金属富集系数方面,具有明显的优势,适宜在多重金属污染农田中施用.
[Abstract]:The effects of combined application of biochar, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer and microbial fertilizer on the passivation and soil fertility efficiency of CD ~ (2 +) CD ~ (2 +), Pb ~ (2 +), Cr ~ (2 +) and as ~ (2 +) in rice husk biochar were studied in this paper. Rice husk biochar combined with N, P, K and NPK compound fertilizer, Compared with the control, the contents of CD PbN Cr and as in rice grain decreased by 77.39% and 40.0%, respectively. The uptake of Pb, as and CD in rice grain combined with microbial fertilizer was 79.3% and 52.0% lower than that in the control, respectively. The enrichment coefficient of each element in the same treatment was as follows: As-CdPb-Cr.Biochar, combined with compound fertilizer and microbial fertilizer, increased the yield of rice, compared with the control. The field yields of biochar, combined with compound fertilizer and microbial fertilizer increased by 6% and 5, respectively. The combination of rice husk biochar and NPK compound fertilizer had obvious advantages in reducing the content of Pb-As-Cr-CD in rice grain and the enrichment coefficient of heavy metals in various parts of rice, and was suitable for application in farmland polluted by many heavy metals.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学农业与生物学院;上海出入境检验检疫局;上海孚祥生态环保科技有限公司;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0801106) 上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(沪农科攻字2015第4-1号) 浦东新区科技发展基金(PKJ2015-N06) 国家星火计划项目(2015GA680004)
【分类号】：S147

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