油茶林地土壤磷素有效性研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 15:42

本文关键词： 油茶磷缺乏无机磷分级难溶磷　出处：《中南林业科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：油茶是我国重点发展的木本食用油料树种之一,主要分布在我国南方酸性土壤地区,磷素缺乏严重制约了油茶产业的发展。本研究以湖南油茶林为研究对象,分析不同磷素在土壤中的含量和分布情况,不同形态磷素之间的相关关系；探究不同磷源处理对油茶根系形态和土壤磷素分级的影响,以及不同种养模式对油茶林地土壤磷素形态及磷素有效性的影响,以期为阐明油茶对磷素的利用规律,发掘油茶对磷高效利用能力以及促进油茶丰产栽培提供理论依据。研究结果如下：1.湖南油茶林地土壤磷素分布情况以及不同磷素之间的相关性。土壤有效磷含量在0-20cm土层和20-40cm土层变化范围分别为0.508-2.622mg/kg、 0.422-2.318mg/kg,0-20cm土层有效磷含量明显高于20-40cm土层,根际土壤中有效磷含量比非根际土壤提高了4.50%-43.54%,最高达2.932mg/kg,平均为1.893mg/kg。土壤全磷含量在0-20cm土层和20-40cm土层变化范围分别为0.175-0.465g/kg、0.140-0.421g/kg,0-20cm土层全磷含量高于20-40cm土层,但差异不显著,土壤全磷含量最高为0.848g/kg,平均为0.32g/kg。Al-P、Fe-P、O-P、Ca-P 4种无机磷在0-20cm土层中平均含量均高于20-40cm土层,A1-P和Fe-P最大含量分别为0.14g/kg、0.17g/kg,而O-P和Ca-P最大含量仅为9.31mg/kg、 17.58mg/kg,土壤中4种无机磷含量的大小顺序为Fe-PAl-PCa-PO-P。根际土壤中有效磷与氧磷、钙磷呈显著负相关,与铝磷、铁磷呈显著正相关,根系全磷与叶片全磷相关性不大,土壤有效磷与根系全磷、叶片全磷呈正相关,表明油茶林地根际土壤中铝磷和铁磷可能是有效磷的主要来源。2.不同磷源对油茶根系形态及磷素分级的影响。以油茶‘湘林210号’为试材,以不施外源磷作为对照,通过盆栽试验,探究无机难溶磷(Fe-P、Al-P和Ca-P)对油茶根系形态以及树体营养水平的影响。结果表明：不同磷源处理均显著提高了油茶根系干质量；A1-P和Ca-P则显著提高了油茶地上部分干质量,而Fe-P作用不明显。三种不同磷源处理对根系平均直径促进作用相互间不显著,但均高于对照,与对照相比差异显著；其中Ca-P显著提高了油茶根系的总根长、总表面积、总投影面积以及总体积。A1-P处理显著提高了油茶叶片和根系中铝含量,Ca-P处理显著提高了土壤和叶片中的钙含量。3.不同栽培措施条件下油茶林地土壤磷素形态及其有效性分析。以不间种任何作物的油茶林地作为对照(CK),探究林下养鸡、林下种草、间种花生和间种大豆4种栽培措施对油茶林地土壤磷素形态含量变化和有效性的影响。不同栽培措施下油茶林地根际土壤中有效磷含量明显高于非根际土壤,并显著提高0-20cm土层中有效磷含量,其中间种大豆的效果最显著；林下养鸡和林下种草显著提高油茶林地根际土壤和非根际土壤中全磷含量,间种花生和间种大豆对其影响不显著；不同栽培措施下A1-P和Fe-P的含量均显著高于O-P和Ca-P,其中林下种草显著提高根际Ca-P含量。
[Abstract]:Camellia is our focus on the development of woody edible oil trees, mainly distributed in the south of China in acid soil area, phosphorus deficiency seriously restricts the development of tea industry. This study takes Hunan Camellia forest as the research object, analysis of the content and distribution of phosphorus in soil, the relationship between the elements of different forms of phosphorus the effects of different phosphorus sources; processing of Camellia oleifera root morphology and soil phosphorus fractionation, and different planting patterns on soil phosphorus and phosphorus fractions of Camellia oleifera forest impact effectiveness, in order to clarify the phosphorus use of Camellia, camellia of phosphorus efficient utilization of excavation capacity and promote the tea yield cultivation theory on the basis of the research results are as follows: 1.. The correlation of Hunan Camellia oleifera forest soil phosphorus distribution and different between phosphorus. Soil available phosphorus content changes in 0-20cm and 20-40cm soil Ranges were 0.508-2.622mg/kg, 0.422-2.318mg/kg, 0-20cm, soil available phosphorus content was significantly higher than that of 20-40cm in rhizosphere soil, the content of available phosphorus in rhizosphere soil increased by 4.50%-43.54%, up to 2.932mg/kg, the average content of total phosphorus in 0-20cm 1.893mg/kg. soil layer and soil layer of 20-40cm range were 0.175-0.465g/kg, 0.140-0.421g/kg, 0-20cm higher than the total phosphorus content of soil 20-40cm soil layer, but the difference is not significant, the soil total phosphorus content was the highest in 0.848g/kg, average 0.32g/kg.Al-P, Fe-P, O-P, the average Ca-P content of 4 kinds of inorganic phosphorus in 0-20cm soil layer was higher than that of 20-40cm, A1-P and Fe-P were 0.14g/kg, 0.17g/kg, O-P and Ca-P and the maximum content of only 9.31mg/kg, 17.58mg/kg, 4 inorganic phosphorus content in soil in the order of effective phosphorus and phosphorus oxygen Fe-PAl-PCa-PO-P. in rhizosphere soil, showed a significant negative correlation with calcium and phosphorus, aluminum Phosphorus was positively related to iron phosphorus, root total phosphorus and total phosphorus in leaves had little correlation, soil available phosphorus and total phosphorus in root, leaf total phosphorus was positively related to that of aluminum phosphate phosphorus and iron in rhizosphere soil of Camellia forest is probably the main source of.2. of different phosphorus sources of phosphorus and phosphorus on root morphology in Camellia oleifera classification. To tea "Xiang Lin 210" as materials, with exogenous phosphorus as control, through pot experiment on inorganic insoluble phosphate (Fe-P, Al-P and Ca-P) effects on the body nutrition level of Camellia oleifera root morphology and tree. The results showed that different phosphorus treatment significantly increased the root of Camellia do A1-P and Ca-P quality; improve the quality of dry tea on the ground, while the Fe-P effect is not obvious. Three kinds of different phosphorus sources on promoting the interaction between the average root diameter was not significant, but were higher than the control, a significant difference compared with the control; the Ca-P significantly Increase the total root length of Camellia root, total surface area, total projection area and the total volume of.A1-P significantly increased the content of aluminum oil leaves and roots, the Ca-P significantly increased the content of calcium.3. conditions of different cultivation measures in soil and leaves of Camellia oleifera forest soil phosphorus analysis state and its validity in Camellia not with any forest crops as control (CK), explore the forest chicken, forest and grass, the effect of 4 kinds of cultivation measures of Interplanting peanut and soybean intercropping on different forms of content and availability of phosphorus in soils of different cultivation measures of Camellia oleifera forest. Under the available phosphorus content in rhizosphere soil of Camellia oleifera forest was significantly higher than that of non rhizosphere soil, and significantly improve the effective phosphorus content in 0-20cm soil layer, of which the most significant effect of soybean intercropping; forest chicken and grass significantly increased the total phosphorus content in rhizosphere soil of Camellia oleifera forest and non rhizosphere soil in between Peanut and soybean intercropping has no significant effect on it; the content of A1-P and Fe-P under different cultivation measures were significantly higher than that of O-P and Ca-P, the forest and grass root significantly increased Ca-P content.

【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S714;S794.4

【参考文献】