侵蚀性花岗岩坡地不同地貌部位土壤剖面风化特征研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 19:36

本文关键词： 侵蚀性坡地土壤剖面元素迁移风化强度发育特征　出处：《土壤学报》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为揭示发育于侵蚀性风化花岗岩坡地上不同地貌部位土壤剖面的风化发育特征,在浙江省选择了典型的风化花岗岩坡地:浙江省嵊州市水土保持监测站为研究区,在监测站同一坡面不同侵蚀强度的坡顶、坡中、坡底选取3个典型的土壤剖面(140 cm),从下至上等距离(20 cm)采集土壤样品,共采集21个土样。进行了各层土壤基本理化特性和化学全量的分析,并分别计算了3个剖面不同层次的主要化学风化系数及总的风化强度,结果表明:(1)在强烈侵蚀的花岗岩风化残积坡地发育的土壤,总体发育成熟过程较弱,其进一步的发育与典型的地带性土壤的发育有很大的差异,侵蚀过程严重地影响了土壤的进一步成熟,侵蚀强度越大,则土壤发育越差。(2)土壤剖面总的风化强度不大,上下层的递变差异很小,脱硅富铝化过程随着剖面深度的增加风化程度越来越弱。(3)土壤剖面的化学分层不明显,各种风化指标均在60 cm左右形成了一个分界层,其上受水力侵蚀影响明显,其下呈现出的特性以继承残积母质为主。(4)不同地貌部位的风化发育程度排序为:坡底坡中坡顶,其与采样坡面的侵蚀强度排序正好相反。(5)风化程度与有机质和黏粒含量具有较为明显的正比关系,在侵蚀环境下,土壤的物理特性对风化的影响明显,在沉积环境下土壤有机质的影响大于黏粒含量的影响。总之,由于受侵蚀的影响,坡地土壤剖面的淀积层不发育,剖面呈现出的假淀积层不是由淋溶作用形成的,而是具有一定风化程度的风化残积层,结果导致发育于山地丘陵侵蚀性坡地的土壤层次划分不同于常规的土壤层次划分。
[Abstract]:In order to reveal the development in different geomorphological positions of soil weathering erosion of weathered granite slope development characteristics, choose the typical weathered granite slope in Zhejiang Province: monitoring station as the study area of soil and water conservation in Zhejiang city of Shengzhou Province, the monitoring station of the same slope of different erosion intensity of slope, slope, slope, select 3 typical the soil profile (140 cm), from the first distance (20 cm) soil samples were collected, 21 soil samples were collected. The analysis of soil basic physical and chemical properties and chemical content, main chemical weathering coefficient 3 profile and the total weathering intensity, are calculated the results showed that: (1) weathering residual soil slope development in strong erosion of granite, the overall maturation is weak, there are great differences in the further development and the development of typical area of soil erosion, serious influence Further maturation of soil erosion intensity, the greater the soil development is worse. (2) is the total intensity of weathering soil profile, graded layer difference is very small, and the process of silicon rich aluminum profile with the increase of the depth of weathering degree is more and more weak. (3) the chemical soil layer is not obvious. All kinds of weathering index is about 60 cm in the formation of a boundary layer, the effects of water erosion on the obvious, its characteristics appear to inherit the residual parent material. (4) the development degree of weathering in different geomorphological positions as follows: the bottom of the slope slope slope, the slope and erosion intensity sampling sequence on the contrary. (5) the degree of weathering and organic matter and clay content is proportional to the more obvious, in the erosion environment, effects of soil physical properties of weathered sedimentary environment in the obvious effect of soil organic matter is greater than the influence of clay content. In short, due to invasion The effects of corrosion, deposition layer soil profile is not developed, showing a fake profile illuvium is not formed by leaching, but has a certain degree of weathering eluvial weathering, resulting in the development of the soil erosion in hilly slope layers is different from conventional soil layers.

【作者单位】：浙江大学环境与资源学院水资源与环境研究所浙江省亚热带土壤与植物营养重点研究实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41471221)资助~~
【分类号】：S151.1

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