北京北部褐土区2种典型植物措施减流减沙效应

发布时间：2018-03-04 19:05

本文选题：沙打旺　切入点：紫花苜蓿　出处：《水土保持学报》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了对比沙打旺和紫花苜蓿的减流减沙效果,设置3种流量(1,2,3m~3/h),5种植被覆盖度(100%,75%,50%,25%和0),利用潜水泵进行径流冲刷试验。结果表明:(1)种植沙打旺和紫花苜蓿的坡面入渗系数大于对照组,径流量及产沙量小于对照组,说明沙打旺和紫花苜蓿均具有减流减沙效果。(2)沙打旺的减流减沙效果优于紫花苜蓿,以流量为3m~3/h时为例,种植紫花苜蓿、沙打旺的坡面入渗系数分别比对照组增加了5.8%和45.3%;径流总量分别比对照组减少了3.7%和11.2%;对照组产沙量分别是种植紫花苜蓿和沙打旺的坡面产沙量的6.40倍和9.19倍;沙打旺组坡面入渗效果、减沙效益均优于紫花苜蓿组,而紫花苜蓿组的径流量稳定值、径流总量优于沙打旺组。(3)植被的减流减沙效益存在临界现象,50%~75%是本地区草本植物减沙效益的临界盖度。
[Abstract]:In order to compare the effect of flow and sediment reduction between Astragalus adsurianum and alfalfa, Set up three kinds of flow rate (1 / 2) / 3 / 3 / h ~ (-1) planting coverage degree of 100% and 25% and 0% respectively and use submersible water pump to carry out runoff scour test. The results showed that the infiltration coefficient of slope surface of Astragalus dadaricum and alfalfa was higher than that of control group, and the runoff and sediment yield were smaller than that of control group, and the runoff and sediment yield were lower than that of the control group, the results showed that the infiltration coefficient of the slope was higher than that of the control. The results showed that both Astragalus adsurgens and alfalfa had the effect of reducing flow and sediment. (2) the effect of reducing flow and sediment was better than that of alfalfa, and the alfalfa was planted when the flow rate was 3 ~ 3 / h. Compared with the control group, the infiltration coefficient increased by 5.8% and 45.3, the total runoff decreased by 3.7% and 11.2, and the sediment yield of the control group was 6.40 and 9.19 times of that of alfalfa and Astragalus adsuriformis respectively. The effect of infiltration on slope surface and the benefit of sediment reduction were superior to those of alfalfa group, but the runoff of alfalfa group was stable. The total runoff amount is better than that of Shadadao formation. 3) the critical phenomenon of runoff and sediment reduction benefits of vegetation is that 75% is the critical coverage degree of vegetation sediment reduction benefit in this area.
【作者单位】：北京林业大学水土保持学院;北京市延庆区水土保持工作站;
【基金】：北京林业大学青年教师科学研究中长期项目(2015ZCQ-SB-03)
【分类号】：S157.43

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