摇臂上喷式降雨模拟器降雨特性分析

发布时间：2018-03-07 16:26

本文选题：摇臂上喷式降雨模拟器　切入点：动态上喷式　出处：《中国水土保持科学》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：降雨模拟器是进行室内或野外土壤侵蚀规律研究、降雨产流及入渗过程研究等的有效手段,目前野外降雨模拟器存在喷头安装高度大、有效降雨区域较小、与天然降雨有一定差别等问题,本文针对以上问题研制出一种可广泛使用的摇臂上喷式降雨模拟器。通过率定降雨面积、降雨强度与均匀系数、雨滴中数直径、终点速度与雨滴动能六大降雨特性,探讨该降雨装置的适用性。结果表明:该装置的降雨面积可达到100 m~2,降雨均匀系数为41%;当降雨面积为50 m~2,供水压力为0.32 kg/cm~2时,平均最大降雨强度为116.25 mm/h,最小降雨强度为61.01 mm/h,降雨均匀系数最大值为82%,最小值为46%,平均雨滴中数直径D50为1.67 mm,平均雨滴终点速度为3.656 m/s,平均雨滴动能为299.4 J/(m~2·cm)。该装置具有能耗小、重量轻、操作简单、便于移动等优点,符合天然降雨规律,可满足一般田间和野外试验的要求。
[Abstract]:Rainfall simulator is an effective means to study indoor or outdoor soil erosion law, rainfall runoff and infiltration process, etc. At present, the sprinkler head installation height is large and the effective rainfall area is small in the field rainfall simulator. There are some differences between rainfall and natural rainfall. In view of the above problems, a widely used rocker arm jet rainfall simulator is developed in this paper. The pass rate determines the rainfall area, rainfall intensity and uniform coefficient, the middle diameter of raindrop, and so on. Six rainfall characteristics of terminal velocity and raindrop kinetic energy are discussed, and the applicability of the device is discussed. The results show that the rainfall area of the device can reach 100 mm2, the rainfall uniformity coefficient is 41%, and when the rainfall area is 50 mm2, the water supply pressure is 0.32 kg / cm ~ 2:00. The average maximum rainfall intensity is 116.25 mm / h, the minimum rainfall intensity is 61.01 mm / h, the maximum rainfall uniformity coefficient is 82mm / h, the minimum value is 46mm, the average drop diameter D _ 50 is 1.67 mm, the average raindrop end point velocity is 3.656 m / s, the average raindrop kinetic energy is 299.4 J / m ~ 2 路cm ~ (-1). It has the advantages of light weight, simple operation, convenient movement and so on. It conforms to the law of natural rainfall and can meet the requirements of general field and field experiments.
【作者单位】：沈阳农业大学水利学院;沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“东北黑土区垄作农田融雪侵蚀过程中氮磷迁移转化机制研究”(41471225) 辽宁省农业领域青年科技创新人才培养计划“辽宁省土壤侵蚀预报”(2014054) 辽宁省高等学校优秀人才支持计划“冻融条件下秸秆覆盖坡面磷素流失研究”(LJQ2013074)
【分类号】：S157

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