麦秸不同还田方式对稻麦轮作农田土壤有机碳库和温室气体排放的影响

发布时间：2018-03-07 23:00

本文选题：耕作措施　切入点：秸秆还田　出处：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：秸秆作为农业生产中的一种可利用资源,在我国产量及其丰富。在单产不断提高的今天,秸秆产量也随之提高。秸秆还田作为一种常规的农艺措施在我国被广泛应用,为了探明不同还田方式对于农田碳库和温室气体排放的影响,本试验于2013年6月-2014年6月在江苏省南京市江宁区淳化街道青龙社区进行,通过田间小区试验,研究了 4种秸秆还田方式(旋耕还田、翻埋还田、沟埋还田和焚烧还田)对稻麦轮作农田土壤碳库和温室气体排放的影响,主要研究结果如下:1.麦秸还田能够显著提高农田总有机碳和活性有机碳组分在稻麦两季,土壤总有机碳和活性有机碳组分含量均受到秸秆还田的显著影响,秸秆还田各处理的有机碳和活性有机碳组分含量均高于对照不还田处理,土壤总有机碳和活性有机碳组分在土壤的分布呈现垂直变化规律,随着土层深度的增加,土壤总有机碳和活性有机碳含量逐渐降低。0～7cm 土层,翻埋还田还田处理土壤总有机碳和活性有机碳含量大于其他处理;7～14cm 土层,除水溶有机有机碳外,在稻季翻埋还田处理土壤总有机碳和其他活性有机碳含量高于其他处理;14～21cm 土层,旋耕还田处理的活性有机碳组分含量高于其他处理,焚烧还田处理的总有机碳含量高于其他处理但未达到显著效果。在麦季,旋耕还田处理的总有机碳含量和易氧化有机碳含量高于其他处理,而翻埋还田的微生物有机碳和水溶性有机碳含量高于其他处理。在麦季,除易氧化有机碳外,旋耕处理土壤总有机碳、易氧化有机碳和水溶性有机碳含量最大。在麦季,出水溶性有机碳外,翻埋还田处理土壤总有机碳和其他活性有机碳组分含量最大,旋耕还田处理的水溶性有机碳含量显著高于其他处理;2.麦秸还田方式能够显著影响农田温室气体的排放在稻季,秸秆还田会增加农田温室气体的排放,提高全球增温潜势。在麦季,部分还田方式会在一定程度上减少农田温室气体的排放,减小全球增温潜势。在稻季,旋耕还田的甲烷排放总量显著高于其他处理,不还田处理的甲烷排放总量显著低于其他处理;在麦季,焚烧还田处理的甲烷排放总量显著高于其他处理,沟埋还田处理的甲烷排放总量与对照不还田处理无显著性差异。在稻季,翻埋还田处理氧化亚氮排放总量显著高于其他处理,对照不还田处理的氧化亚氮排放总量显著低于其他处理;在麦季,对照不还田处理的氧化亚氮排放总量显著高于其他处理,翻埋还田处理的氧化亚氮排放总量与对照不还田处理无显著性差异。在麦季,焚烧还田处理的二氧化碳排放总量显著高于其他处理,对照不还田处理的二氧化碳排放总量最小,沟埋还田、旋耕还田和翻埋还田的二氧化碳排放总量与对照不还田处理无显著性差异,在麦季,旋耕还田的二氧化碳排放总量显著高于其他处理,对照不还田处理的二氧化碳排放总量最低,沟埋还田处理的二氧化碳排放总量与对照不还田处理无显著性差异。从全球增温潜势角度分析,在稻季麦两季,沟埋还田和焚烧还田处理的全球增温潜势较低,翻埋还田的全球增温潜势较低,在稻季,翻埋还田处理的全球增温潜势显著高于其他处理,在在麦季,对照不还田处理的全球增温潜势高于其他处理。
[Abstract]:As a kind of straw resources in agricultural production, output in our country and its rich in yield increasing today, straw yield increases. Straw as a conventional agronomic measures in our country are widely used, in order to study the influence of different ways of returning farmland for carbon and greenhouse gas emissions the experiment was conducted in Jiangning District, Chunhua Qinglong Street Community in Jiangsu city of Nanjing province in June 2013 -2014 year in June, field experiments were conducted to study 4 kinds of ways of straw returning (rotary tillage with straw, plowing, burying and burning straw returning) on rice wheat rotation farmland soil carbon and greenhouse gas emissions. The main results are as follows: 1. wheat straw can improve farmland total organic carbon and labile organic carbon fractions in rice wheat two season significantly, soil total organic carbon and labile organic carbon content by straw Effect of straw returning treatments of organic carbon and labile organic carbon content was higher than that of the control without straw returning, soil total organic carbon and labile organic carbon fractions show vertical variations in soil distribution, with the increase of soil depth, soil total organic carbon and labile organic carbon content decreased gradually from.0 to 7cm layer plowing and returning, soil total organic carbon and labile organic carbon content is higher than other treatments; 7 ~ 14cm soil layer, water soluble organic carbon in organic, plowing treatment of soil total organic carbon and other active organic carbon content in rice was higher than other treatments; 14 ~ 21cm soil active organic carbon rotary tillage with straw. The content is higher than that of other treatment, incineration of the total organic carbon content of returning treatment was higher than other treatments but did not reach significant effect. In addition, organic carbon and total organic carbon content and easy oxidation of rotary tillage with straw processing The content of higher than other treatments, while plowing the organic carbon and water soluble organic carbon content is higher than other treatments. In addition, the easily oxidized organic carbon, rotary tillage soil total organic carbon, labile organic carbon and water soluble organic carbon content. In the wheat season, water soluble organic carbon. Plowing treatment of soil total organic carbon and other active organic carbon content, organic carbon content of soluble rotary tillage with straw treated water was significantly higher than other treatments; 2. straw returning methods can significantly affect the agricultural greenhouse gas emissions in the rice season, straw returning farmland will increase in greenhouse gas emissions, improve the global warming potential potential. In the wheat season, returning farmland part will reduce greenhouse gas emissions to a certain extent, reduce the global warming potential. In the rice season, the total methane emission of the rotary tillage with straw was significantly higher than other treatments, not returning treatment The total methane emission significantly lower than other treatments; in addition, incineration returning treatment total methane emission was significantly higher than other treatments, buried returning treatment total methane emission and control treatments. No significant difference in the rice season, returning Nitrous Oxide emissions were significantly higher than other treatments, the control does not return treatment Nitrous Oxide emissions significantly lower than other treatments; in addition, the control does not return treatment Nitrous Oxide total emission was significantly higher than other treatments, plowing the Nitrous Oxide emissions and control not returning treatment. No significant difference in the wheat season, incineration returning total carbon dioxide emissions was significantly higher than other treatments, no tillage with carbon dioxide emissions control the total amount of the minimum, buried soil, and rotary tillage with straw returning carbon dioxide emissions and control treatments No significant difference in the wheat season, the total carbon dioxide emissions was significantly higher than that of other rotary tillage with straw returning treatment processing, control of the total carbon dioxide emissions minimum, buried incorporation of the total carbon dioxide emissions and control treatments had no significant difference. The analysis from the perspective of global warming potential, in rice wheat two season, ditch the buried straw returning treatment and incineration of global warming potential low global warming potential plowing low in the rice season, returning the global warming potential was significantly higher than other treatments, in addition, control tillage with global warming potential is higher than that of other treatments.

【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S141.4

【参考文献】