黄河中下游农业景观中景观简化对传粉昆虫多样性的影响——以巩义市为例

发布时间：2018-03-08 23:13

本文选题：传粉昆虫　切入点：多样性　出处：《生态学报》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在农业景观中,传粉昆虫的生存繁衍与半自然生境的面积大小有关。集约化生产方式使半自然生境比例逐渐减少,农田比例不断增加,随着景观简化梯度的变化(农田比例逐渐增大),传粉昆虫群落多样性将会发生怎样的变化?选择黄河中下游典型农区巩义市为研究区域,采用诱捕盘法(Pan traps)进行农田、林地的传粉昆虫取样,以21个样点作为景观简化梯度(农田比例范围5%—86%)的呈现,基于每个样点的传粉昆虫多度和丰富度变化来探究景观简化对传粉昆虫多样性的影响。结果显示:区内累计捕获传粉昆虫39660头,优势类群包括双翅目(Diptera)、膜翅目(Hymenoptera)、鞘翅目(Coleoptera)等。采用逐步回归分析及线性拟合后发现景观简化程度与传粉昆虫多度和丰富度呈显著负相关(P0.05);景观简化对传粉昆虫类群间的影响也是有差异的,其中对鞘翅目多度的影响最为密切(R~2=0.27),同时对膜翅目和双翅目也有较大影响(R~2=0.14、R~2=0.11),景观简化与鳞翅目多度呈正相关;随景观简化的程度加深,农田生境中膜翅目多度呈显著下降趋势(P0.05),而林地中膜翅目多度变化不明显。在未来的景观规划中,应着重考虑传粉昆虫中鞘翅目类群的栖息地变化及食物资源状况。依据研究结果建议林地生境中应注重保护现有的自然植被群落,在人工林中可以种植一定面积的蜜粉源植物;农田生境内对杂草群落、半自然生境斑块进行合理规划的基础上,还可以种植线性景观植物作为传粉昆虫的食物源。
[Abstract]:In the agricultural landscape, the survival and reproduction of pollination insects is related to the size of semi-natural habitat. The proportion of semi-natural habitat decreases gradually and the proportion of farmland increases. How will the diversity of pollinated insect communities change with the change of landscape simplification gradient (the proportion of farmland increases gradually)? Gongyi City, a typical agricultural area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, was selected as the study area, and the pollination insects were sampled from the woodland by trapping pan traps method. The landscape simplification gradient (5-86g) was presented with 21 samples. The effects of landscape simplification on pollination insect diversity were investigated based on the variation of pollination insect abundance and richness in each sample site. The results showed that 39660 pollinators were captured in the area. The dominant groups include Diptera Diptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, etc. By stepwise regression analysis and linear fitting, it is found that landscape simplification is negatively correlated with pollination insect abundance and richness, and landscape simplification has significant negative correlation with pollination insect abundance and richness. There are also differences between groups. The effect on the abundance of Coleoptera is the most close, and it also has great influence on Hymenoptera and Diptera. The landscape simplification is positively correlated with the abundance of Lepidoptera. Hymenoptera abundance in farmland habitat decreased significantly (P 0.05), but the change of Hymenoptera abundance in woodland was not obvious. In the future landscape planning, The habitat change and food resource status of Coleoptera in pollinating insects should be considered emphatically. According to the research results, the existing natural vegetation community should be protected in forest habitat, and a certain area of nectar source plants can be planted in artificial forest. On the basis of reasonable planning of weed communities and semi-natural habitat patches in farmland, linear landscape plants can also be planted as food sources for pollinated insects.
【作者单位】：教育部黄河中下游数字地理技术重点实验室;河南大学环境与规划学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41371195,41071118)
【分类号】：S186

【相似文献】