资源化利用冲施猪粪水高温堆肥研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 21:03

本文选题：猪粪水　切入点：高温堆肥　出处：《中国环境科学》2017年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为有效处理采用水泡粪养殖模式的养猪企业粪污处理提供新的途径,评估辅料中添加不同量猪粪水对猪粪高温堆肥的影响,以期建立利用冲施猪粪水无害肥料化高效堆肥工艺.通过工厂堆肥,以蘑菇渣、砻糠和木屑为原料混匀建堆,堆体顶部挖槽,分7次添加不同量的猪粪水,研究添加不同量猪粪水高温堆肥过程中堆体温度、含水量、p H值、EC、C/N、铵态氮含量、硝态氮含量、水溶性有机碳含量、木质素含量、纤维素含量半纤维素含量、发芽指数和养分等理化指标的变化.结果表明,相比每次添加0.5t猪粪水(Z1)和每次添加1t猪粪水(Z2)的处理,每次添加2t猪粪水(Z3)的处理高温期温度最高,降温后熟阶段降温速率也最大;堆肥过程中各处理p H值变化基本一致,均是先降低再升高最后降低趋于稳定;各处理堆体在堆肥过程中,C/N均呈现逐步减小的趋势,并最终保持稳定,根据终点C/N与初始C/N的比值,至堆肥结束时,Z1、Z2处理未腐熟,Z3处理基本腐熟;各处理铵态氮含量逐渐下降,硝态氮含量逐渐增加;堆肥结束时,Z2和Z3处理类酪氨酸类物质和类色氨酸类物质减少至消失,胡敏酸类、富里酸类等物质成为DOM的主体部分,基本腐熟,而Z1处理未腐熟..相比Z1和Z2处理,Z3处理在堆肥过程中木质素、纤维素和半纤维素降解速率更快;堆肥过程中,各处理发芽指数(GI)不断增大,至堆肥结束时,Z1、Z2、Z3处理的发芽指数分别为72%、84%和101%,Z2和Z3处理腐熟,且Z3处理堆肥腐熟所需时间更短(第43d GI为85%).各处理有机质含量均下降,全氮、全磷、全钾含量在堆肥结束时比堆肥初始均有所增加.分次将猪粪水注入蘑菇渣、砻糠和木屑混合物进行高温堆肥可以有效解决规模化养猪厂猪粪水难处理的问题.
[Abstract]:In order to provide a new way for the efficient treatment of pig manure in pig breeding enterprises using blistering manure breeding model, the effect of adding different amount of pig manure into the auxiliary materials on the high temperature composting of pig manure was evaluated. In order to establish an efficient composting process by using rinsing and applying pig dung water as harmless fertilizer, the reactor was constructed by composting in a factory, and mixed with mushroom dregs, husk chaff and wood chips, the top of the heap was dredged, and the different amount of pig dung water was added in 7 times. In the process of high temperature composting with different amounts of pig manure water, the temperature, water content and pH value of the compost were studied. The contents of ammonium nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, water-soluble organic carbon, lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose were studied. The results showed that compared with the treatments of adding 0.5 t of pig manure water (Z1) and adding 1 t of pig manure water (Z2) each time, the treatment with 2 t of pig manure water (Z3) had the highest temperature in the high temperature period, compared with the treatment of adding 0.5 t of pig manure water (Z1) and adding 1 t of pig manure water (Z2) each time, the temperature of the treatment was the highest. In the composting process, the pH value of each treatment was basically the same, which was first decreased and then increased, and then decreased to stability, and the C / N decreased gradually in the composting process. According to the ratio of the end point C / N to the initial C / N, at the end of composting, the uncooked Z3 treatment with Z1Z2 was basically rotten, and the ammonium nitrogen content decreased gradually, and the nitrate nitrogen content increased gradually at the end of composting. At the end of composting, the tyrosine and tryptophan substances treated with Z2 and Z3 decreased to disappear, and Hu Min acids and fulvic acids became the main part of DOM. The degradation rate of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in Z1 treatment was faster than that in Z1 and Z2 treatment. At the end of composting, the germination index of Z1C Z2Z3 treatment was 72% and 101%, respectively, and that of Z3 treatment was shorter than that of Z3 treatment (GI = 85% on the 43th day). The content of organic matter in each treatment decreased, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, The total potassium content at the end of composting was higher than that at the beginning of composting. Adding pig dung water into mushroom dregs and composting the mixture of hulling chaff and sawdust at high temperature could effectively solve the problem of difficult treatment of pig dung water in large-scale pig farms.
【作者单位】：南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高技术研究重点实验室江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心国家有机类肥料工程技术研究中心;江苏峻德生态农业科技有限公司;
【基金】：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(15)100606) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(KYZ201519) 苏北专项(BN2015082) 国家重点研发专项(2016YFD0800605) 江苏省高校品牌专业建设工程资助项目(PPZY2015A061)
【分类号】：S141.4;X713

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