山西省农牧生产体系磷流动空间变异特征

发布时间：2018-03-18 22:10

  本文选题：农牧生产体系　切入点：磷流动　出处：《中国生态农业学报》2016年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为揭示山西省农牧生产体系磷流动空间分布特征,进一步为养分资源综合管理提供科学建议,本研究使用食物链养分流动模型(NUFER)与Arc GIS相结合,以2011年山西省11个地市农牧生产体系为研究对象,计算了农牧生产体系中的磷流动、损失及账户平衡,并对各个生产体系的磷利用效率(PUE)、有机废弃物中磷的循环利用效率、磷的损失途径等重要指标进行了综合评价,描述了2011年山西省各地市农牧生产体系与区域尺度的磷流动变化特征。研究结果表明,山西省各地市农牧体系磷的投入和损失差异较大,农田生产体系投入范围在22.5~83.0 kg·hm~(-2),而整个农牧生产体系损失区间在2.7~8.8 kg·hm~(-2);磷的投入和损失均总体呈现东南部高、西北部低的空间分布格局;各地市农田磷素均有盈余但程度不均,为9.4~48.4 kg·hm~(-2)。农田生产系统的磷素利用效率(PUEc)高于全国平均水平;农牧生产体系的磷利用效率(PUEc+a)较低,全省平均水平仅为30.3%,主要是由于农牧分离较为严重;有机废弃物的循环利用效率较低(60%)。省域东南部存在潜在环境风险,晋城、晋中等地市有大量的粪尿磷未得到回收利用,可作为周边农业主产区的农田养分资源。因此通过提高农牧生产体系的养分管理水平和区域间养分资源协同管理,能够大幅提高磷的利用效率,同时有效降低环境风险,实现山西农业可持续发展。
[Abstract]:In order to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of phosphorus flow in agricultural and animal husbandry production system in Shanxi Province, and to provide scientific advice for the integrated management of nutrient resources, the food chain nutrient flow model was combined with Arc GIS in this study. In 2011, 11 agricultural and animal husbandry production systems in Shanxi Province were studied. The phosphorus flow, loss and account balance were calculated, and the phosphorus utilization efficiency of each production system was evaluated. The phosphorus recycling efficiency in organic waste was also studied. Some important indexes, such as the loss path of phosphorus, were comprehensively evaluated, and the characteristics of phosphorus flow in agricultural and animal husbandry production system and regional scale in various cities of Shanxi Province in 2011 were described. The input and loss of phosphorus in the agricultural and animal husbandry system of Shanxi Province are quite different. The input range of farmland production system is in the range of 22.5 ~ 83.0 kg 路hm ~ (-1) ~ (-2) ~ (-1), while the loss range of the whole agricultural and pastoral production system is 2.7 ~ 8.8 kg 路hm ~ (-1) ~ (-2) ~ (-1), and the input and loss of phosphorus are generally high in the southeast. The distribution pattern of low spatial distribution in the northwest of China, the surplus of phosphorus in farmland in different cities was not equal, the P utilization efficiency of farmland production system was higher than the national average, and the P utilization efficiency of agricultural and animal husbandry production system was lower than that of the whole country, but the degree of phosphorus was not equal to that of agricultural production system, which was 48.4 kg 路hm ~ (-2) 路hm ~ (-2), and the P utilization efficiency of farmland production system was higher than that of the whole country. The average level of the whole province is only 30.3, mainly due to the serious separation of agriculture and animal husbandry, the low recycling efficiency of organic wastes and the potential environmental risks in the southeast of the province. A large amount of feces and urine phosphorus has not been recycled in Jincheng, Jinzhong and other cities. Therefore, by improving the nutrient management level of agro-pastoral production system and coordinated management of nutrient resources among regions, the efficiency of phosphorus utilization can be greatly improved and the environmental risk can be effectively reduced. Realize Shanxi agriculture sustainable development.
【作者单位】： 山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所;山西省农业科学院;
【基金】：山西省科技基础条件平台建设项目(2014091003-1010) 农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103003) 山西省青年科技研究基金(2014021031-1) 山西省农业科学院科技攻关项目(YGG1507)资助~~
【分类号】：S181
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本文编号：1631523