秸秆焚烧对区域城市空气质量影响的模拟分析

发布时间：2018-03-21 08:51

本文选题：焚烧　切入点：城市空气质量　出处：《气候与环境研究》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：利用融合火点排放源、人为源和生物源的WRF-Chem(Weather Research and Forecasting Model coupled with Chemistry)模式,模拟2015年9月30日08:00(北京时间)起的72 h发生在淮河流域的一次农作物秸秆大面积露天焚烧过程,研究了农作物秸秆焚烧释放的气态污染物和颗粒物对区域城市空气质量的影响。通过有无火点两组试验分析了此次秸秆焚烧对流域内河南、山东、江苏和安徽四省83座城市CO、PM10(空气动力学当量直径小于等于10μm的颗粒物,即可吸入颗粒物)、PM2.5(空气动力学当量直径小于等于2.5μm的颗粒物,即细颗粒物)和O3浓度的定量影响,结果表明:(1)融合NCAR-FINN(Fire Inventory from NCAR)火点排放资料的WRF-Chem模式较好地再现了此次秸秆焚烧及火点烟羽扩散过程。同时结合EDGAR-HTAP(Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution)人为源和MEGAN(Model of Emission of Gases and Aerosols from Nature)生物源的WRF-FIRE(考虑火点排放试验)对流域内城市大气污染物的模拟效果较为理想,尤其对秸秆焚烧释放的污染物CO、PM10和PM2.5和产生的二次污染物O3浓度的模拟。(2)秸秆焚烧所释放的污染物造成流域内城市一次污染物CO、PM10和PM2.5浓度的增加,火点中心和下风向城市增幅最为明显,最大小时浓度增幅达到3倍标准差。气态污染物CO和相比PM10粒径更小的PM2.5可随风扩散至更远的地区,对城市浓度影响更大。(3)此外,秸秆焚烧也使得火点中心城市和下风向城市二次污染物O3浓度增加,但小时浓度增幅极值区分布在火点下风向烟羽末端太阳光照充足的地区,最大小时浓度增幅接近3倍标准差。秸秆焚烧对区域城市空气质量的影响存在明显的空间分布差异且对城市各大气污染成分的影响也不相同。
[Abstract]:Using the WRF-Chem(Weather Research and Forecasting Model coupled with Chemistry model, which combines the fire point emission source, the man-made source and the biological source, a large-scale open burning process of crop straw occurred in the Huaihe River basin at 72 hours from 08: 00 (Beijing time) on September 30th 2015 was simulated. The effects of gaseous pollutants and particulates released from crop straw incineration on regional urban air quality were studied. In 83 cities of Jiangsu and Anhui provinces, the quantitative effects of concentration of PM10 (particles with aerodynamics equivalent diameter less than or equal to 10 渭 m) and O _ 3 concentration can be obtained by inhaling PM2.5 (particles with aerodynamic equivalent diameter less than 2.5 渭 m) and fine particles. The results show that the WRF-Chem model which integrates NCAR-FINN(Fire Inventory from NCAR-based emission data well reproduces the process of straw burning and plume diffusion, combined with EDGAR-HTAP(Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research on Hemispheric Transport of Air pollution) and MEGAN(Model of Emission of Gases and Aerosols. WRF-FIREs (considering fire point emission tests) from from nature are ideal for simulating urban air pollutants in the basin. In particular, the pollutants released from straw incineration were simulated to the concentrations of COP10 and PM2.5 and the secondary pollutant O3 produced by straw incineration. The pollutants released from straw incineration resulted in the increase of the concentrations of COP10 and PM2.5 in urban primary pollutants. The urban increase of fire center and downwind direction is the most obvious, the maximum hourly concentration increase reaches 3 times standard deviation. Co and PM2.5, which are smaller than PM10 particle size, can spread to more distant areas with wind, and have greater influence on urban concentration. Straw incineration also increased the concentration of secondary pollutant O _ 3 in the central city and the downwind city, but the maximum value of the increase in hourly concentration was distributed in the area with sufficient solar light at the end of the wind plume under the fire. The maximum hourly concentration increase was close to 3 times standard deviation. The effect of straw burning on regional urban air quality was obviously different in spatial distribution and the effect on the air pollution components of cities was also different.
【作者单位】：中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院;安徽省环境科学研究院大气环境研究所;北京师范大学全球变化与地球系统科学研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目41305121 国家科技支撑计划项目2014BAC22B06 安徽省省级环境保护科研项目2014-007、2013-001、2014-002~~
【分类号】：X51;X712

【相似文献】