不同连作年限对植烟土壤养分的影响

发布时间：2018-03-29 04:08

本文选题：不同连作年限　切入点：植烟土壤　出处：《湖南农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究针对湖南省烟田耕作制度特点,选择了浏阳、桂阳、衡南3个代表性烤烟产区烟～稻年内复种连作土壤养分进行调查,根据烤烟产区不同连作年限,分别采集连作年限为1、3、4、5、10、20年的土壤样品,分析土壤的理化性状(pH值、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷、速效磷、全钾、速效钾、缓效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁、有效硫、水溶性氯等指标),了解不同连作年限植烟土壤氮、磷、钾三大必需元素的全量、有效态含量及其比值；并分析了不同连作年限植烟土壤pH值,有机质、交换性钙镁、有效硫、水溶性氯等的含量变化。以期为指导湖南省烟区的烤烟生产提供理论依据和数据参考。本文主要结论如下：(1)随着烤烟种植年限的增加,土壤pH值呈现一定的上升的趋势,但整体上来看,变化幅度较小；(2)浏阳、桂阳土壤有机质含量随连作年限的增加,大体呈现先增加后降低的趋势,其中最大值出现在4-5年连作的植烟土壤中。(3)植烟土壤中全氮和全钾含量在土壤中的变化相对较小,但是全磷有富集的趋势；有效态氮、磷、钾中,碱解氮呈现缓慢的下降趋势,有效磷和速效钾变化规律不明显。(4)不同烟区土壤中交换性钙变化不一,总体呈平稳的趋势,交换性镁在不同的种植年限中变化也不一,但总体呈下降趋势。有效硫呈先下降后上升趋势,水溶性氯,年际变化较小。(5)土壤氮/磷比呈现先增加后降低趋势,氮/钾比在三个代表区域呈现不同的变化规律,磷/钾比在浏阳所调查烟区总体呈先升后降的趋势,桂阳和衡南调查烟区总体呈下降趋势。
[Abstract]:According to the characteristics of tobacco farming system in Hunan Province, three representative flue-cured tobacco production areas, Liuyang, Guiyang and Hengnan, were selected to investigate the soil nutrients of continuous cropping in tobacco and rice years. Soil samples with continuous cropping years of 1 ~ 3 ~ 3 ~ 4 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 10 and 20 years were collected, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil were analyzed, such as pH value, organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium, available potassium, slow-acting potassium, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, available sulfur. Water soluble chlorine was used to understand the total amount, available state content and ratio of three essential elements in tobacco planting soil with different continuous cropping years, and the pH value, organic matter, exchangeable calcium and magnesium, available sulfur of tobacco planting soil with different successive cropping years were analyzed. The change of water soluble chlorine content is expected to provide theoretical basis and data reference for guiding flue-cured tobacco production in Hunan Province. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1) with the increase of planting years of flue-cured tobacco, the pH value of soil increases to a certain extent. On the whole, however, the range of variation is relatively small.) in Liuyang, the content of soil organic matter in Guiyang increases at first and then decreases with the increase of continuous cropping years. The maximum value of total nitrogen and total potassium content in tobacco planting soil is relatively small, but the total phosphorus is enriched, and the available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium have a slow decreasing trend, and the content of total nitrogen and total potassium in tobacco planting soil is relatively small, but the total phosphorus has a tendency of enrichment, while in available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen shows a slow downward trend. The change of available phosphorus and available potassium is not obvious. 4) the change of exchangeable calcium in different tobacco area is different, the general trend is stable, and the exchangeable magnesium also varies in different planting years. The available sulfur decreased first and then increased, and the water soluble chlorine showed a small annual change. The ratio of N / P increased first and then decreased, and the ratio of N / K changed differently in the area of three represents. The P / K ratio in Liuyang tobacco area increased first and then decreased, and that in Guiyang and Hengnan tobacco areas decreased as a whole.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S572;S158

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