基础土壤学研究的方法论思考:基于土壤化学的视角

发布时间：2018-03-31 08:15

本文选题：先分析后综合　切入点：多尺度分解　出处：《土壤学报》2017年04期

【摘要】：长期以来,不少人片面地认为,土壤学在学科属性上仅是应用型的,在研究手段上仅是实验型的,在研究方法上必须是整体综合的。本文系统地分析了这些片面认识对土壤学发展的危害,提出土壤学发展应特别强调"分析"的方法,并在深入分析的基础上实现自然而系统的综合。阐述了土壤学研究的三个基本观点:一是充分认识土壤系统的特殊性根基在于其对物质亚原子结构的重大影响。与普通水溶液中的情况相比,土壤中的离子、原子和分子在本质上已发生了很大变化。所以,如果土壤确实从亚原子尺度上改变了物质的结构与性质,开展土壤学中独特的量子效应研究将是重要的。其次,充分考虑土壤系统的特殊性,在方法上应从宏观尺度、介观尺度、分子尺度至亚原子尺度对土壤进行逐级分解简化,并借助于量子力学原理和方法,最终,在亚原子尺度上彻底剖析土壤,以获得土壤学自己的科学基础。第三,以土壤中独特的量子效应为基础的研究,可构建"亚原子结构—土壤微观机制—宏观效应"三者间的直接关联,由此实现土壤中不同尺度间科学原理的自然转换,最终构建独立的土壤学知识体系。
[Abstract]:For a long time, many people think that one-sided Soil Science in the discipline attribute is only applied in the means of study, only is experimental, research methods must be integrated. This paper systematically analyzes the one-sided understanding of the harm of soil science, soil science put forward development should be emphasized the method of analysis, and based on the deep analysis of the natural and comprehensive system. Expounds three basic viewpoints on Soil Science: special soil foundation to fully understand the system because of its great influence on material sub atomic structure. Compared with the ordinary water solution, ionic soil the atoms and molecules have been changed in essence. Therefore, if the soil is from the subatomic scale changed the structure and properties of material, development of Soil Science in unique quantum effects research is important. Secondly, Considering the particularity of the soil system, should be in the method of macro scale, meso scale, molecular scale to sub atomic scale on soil decomposition step by step is simplified, and with the help of the principle and method of quantum mechanics, finally, thorough analysis of the soil in the sub atomic scale, in order to obtain soil science based on their own. On the third, unique quantum effects in the soil as the foundation, directly related to construct a "sub atomic structure of soil micro mechanism and macro effect" between the three, so as to realize the natural transformation of scientific principle in different scales in the soil, finally construct the independent soil knowledge system.

【作者单位】：土壤多尺度界面过程与调控重庆市重点实验室西南大学资源环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41530855)资助~~
【分类号】：S153

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