施用牛粪和绿肥对土地整治区玉米产量和土壤理化性质的影响

发布时间：2018-04-01 05:34

本文选题：土地整治　切入点：土壤呼吸　出处：《应用生态学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：采用定位试验,研究了施用新鲜牛粪(15000和75000 kg·hm~(-2))和绿肥(36000kg·hm~(-2))对玉米产量、土壤呼吸和土壤化学、物理性状的影响.结果表明:与单施化肥相比,土地整治区施用牛粪的玉米籽粒增产7.2%~29.9%,千粒重增加2.5%~18.2%,活性有机碳和有机质含量分别增加5.3%~34.6%和8.0%~17.6%.施用绿肥的玉米籽粒增产10.8%~15.6%,千粒重增加4.5%~8.4%,活性有机碳含量增加14.1%~48.6%,在第二年土壤有机质含量增加了7.2%.施用牛粪和绿肥的土壤呼吸速率增加了20.0%~69.3%.施用牛粪和绿肥增加了土壤容重,减少了总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度,分别增加了0.01 mm和0.05~1 mm粒径团聚体的比例.连续2年在土地整治区施用牛粪和绿肥不仅能够增加玉米籽粒产量,而且已经对土壤物理化学性质的改善表现出积极的作用.
[Abstract]:The effects of fresh cattle manure (15000 and 75000 kg) and green manure (36000kg) on maize yield, soil respiration, soil chemistry and physical properties were studied by location-based experiment.The results showed that compared with applying chemical fertilizer alone, the grain yield of corn treated with cow dung increased by 7.2% and 29.9%, the weight of 1000 seeds increased by 2.5% and 18.2%, the contents of active organic carbon and organic matter increased by 5.3% and 17.6%, respectively.The yield of corn grain increased 10.8%, the 1000-grain weight increased 4.5%, the content of active organic carbon increased 14.1% and 48.6%, and the organic matter content of soil increased 7.2% in the second year.The soil respiration rate of cattle manure and green manure increased 20.0% 69.3%.The application of cow manure and green manure increased the bulk density of soil, decreased the total porosity and capillary porosity, and increased the ratio of 0. 01 mm and 0. 05 ~ 1 mm diameter aggregate, respectively.The application of cow dung and green manure in land reclamation area for two consecutive years could not only increase the grain yield of maize, but also play a positive role in improving the physical and chemical properties of soil.
【作者单位】：湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所;湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司;
【基金】：湖北省烟草公司科技专项(027Y2013-004) 湖北省农业科技创新项目(2011-620-003-03-05)资助~~
【分类号】：S513;S153

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