长期施肥对黄壤有机碳平衡及玉米产量的影响

发布时间：2018-04-03 19:27

  本文选题：长期施肥　切入点：黄壤　出处：《土壤学报》2016年05期

【摘要】：基于长期定位试验,以黔中典型黄壤为研究对象,采用单因素方差分析、可持续性指数、稳定性指数等方法对长期定位试验获取的数据进行分析和比较,以探讨长期不同施肥处理对黄壤有机碳含量、有机碳平衡量、玉米产量稳定性、可持续性及其相互关系的影响。结果表明:(1)与施化肥和对照处理相比,施有机肥处理土壤有机碳含量明显升高,按大小排序依次为:MMNPK1/2M+1/2NPK1/4M+3/4NPK;(2)施有机肥处理黄壤有机碳平衡量为正值,且随有机肥施用量增加而增加,相反,施化肥和对照处理均为负值,大小依次为:MNPK、M1/2M+1/2NPK1/4M+3/4NPKNPKNKNPN、CKPK,各处理差异显著;(3)有机肥与化肥配施、有机肥单施及氮磷钾化肥协调施用更有利于提高玉米产量,排序为:MNPK1/4M+3/4NPK、1/2M+1/2NPKNPK、MNPNK、PK、NCK;(4)适量有机肥与化肥配施可提高玉米产量稳定性和可持续性(可持续性指数0.6,变异系数0.3),其中,1/4M+3/4NPK处理玉米产量稳定性和持续性最好;(5)玉米年产量与黄壤有机碳平衡量相关度较高,而玉米可持续性、稳定性则主要受有机碳含量影响。综上,有机肥与化肥配施有利于黄壤有机碳含量提升、玉米维持高产稳产。按适量"减肥"原则,以25%有机肥配施75%氮磷钾化肥效果最佳。
[Abstract]:Based on the long-term positioning experiment, the data obtained from the long-term positioning test were analyzed and compared by using single factor variance analysis, sustainability index, stability index and so on, taking the typical yellow soil in central Guizhou as the research object.The effects of long-term fertilization on organic carbon content, organic carbon balance, maize yield stability, sustainability and their relationship were studied.The results showed that compared with chemical fertilizer and control treatments, the soil organic carbon content of organic fertilizer treatment was significantly higher than that of chemical fertilizer treatment, and the order of soil organic carbon content was: 1% MMNPK 1 / 2 M 1/2NPK1/4M 3 / 4 NPK + 2) the organic carbon balance of yellow soil treated by organic fertilizer was positive.On the contrary, the application of chemical fertilizer and control was negative, and the order was: M1 / 2M 1/2NPK1/4M / 3 / 4NPKNPKNKNPNCKPKK, the difference was significant (P < 0.05).Single application of organic fertilizer and coordinated application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer could improve maize yield.鎺掑簭涓，

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