喀斯特山区生态清洁小流域建设需求评价指标体系构建及应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 14:30

本文选题：生态清洁小流域　切入点：需求　出处：《贵州师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：生态清洁小流域是适应新形势下水土保持需求提出的新理论,是小流域治理的新概念。生态清洁小流域建设是当前县(区)级水土保持规划的重要内容。然而在生态清洁小流域推广建设这一背景下,并未有一套科学的方法、标准来指导地区生态清洁小流域建设,生态清洁小流域建设存在主观性、盲目性、随意性的可能。本文据此提出在县(区)级水土保持规划背景下,利用理论分析方法、层次分析法(AHP)、结构熵权法开展关于喀斯特山区生态清洁小流域建设需求评价指标体系研究;将理论结合实践,以盘县为研究对象,运用GIS技术获取基础数据,将构建的指标体系应用于对盘县生态清洁小流域建设需求综合评价。论文主要研究成果如下:(1)按照层次分析法(AHP)思想,构建了建设生态清洁小流域需求评价指标体系。确定指标体系包含水源维护需求、人居环境维护需求、水土流失治理需求、治污需求、生态环境维护需求共5个准则层因素;水源功能、水功能划类、聚落环境、人均收入、人口密度、水土流失率、大于5°坡耕地面积占比、石漠化面积占比、农用地面积占比、建设用地面积占比、各类保护区面积占比、林草指标面积占比共12个子准则层表达指标。(2)引用结构熵权法确定指标体系指标权重。准则层因素权重关系确定为水源维护需求(0.2798)水土流失治理需求(0.2412)治污需求(0.1852)人居环境维护需求(0.157)生态环境维护需求(0.1368)。(3)提出采用10分制评分方法对子准则层表达指标数据进行归一化处理,确定了不同表达指标的分级评分标准。(4)应用本文构建的评价体系对盘县生态清洁小流域建设需求进行综合评价,实现了盘县142条小流域生态清洁建设需求的定量评价,需求评价得分由低至高在2.88~7.43之间。(5)通过选择5条小流域进行实地调查,验证了盘县生态清洁小流域建设需求评价结果的合理性。(6)本文构建的生态清洁小流域建设需求评价体系,应用于盘县生态清洁小流域建设需求评价,取得了一定成果,验证了该评价指标体系应用于喀斯特山区生态清洁小流域建设具有较强的实用性和现实意义,为今后生态清洁小流域建设需求评价的进一步研究奠定了基础,对生态清洁小流域相关研究有一定的参考意义。
[Abstract]:Ecological clean small watershed is a new theory to meet the demand of soil and water conservation under the new situation, and it is a new concept of small watershed management.The construction of ecological clean small watershed is an important content of soil and water conservation planning at county level.However, under the background of popularizing and constructing ecological clean small watershed, there is not a set of scientific method and standard to guide the construction of ecological clean small watershed. The construction of ecological clean small watershed has the possibility of subjectivity, blindness and arbitrariness.In this paper, under the background of soil and water conservation planning at county (district) level, using theoretical analysis method, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and structural entropy method, the evaluation index system of ecological clean small watershed construction demand in karst mountain area is studied.Combining theory with practice, taking Pan County as the research object, using GIS technology to obtain the basic data, the index system is applied to the comprehensive evaluation of the construction demand of ecological clean small watershed in Panxian County.The main research results are as follows: (1) according to the thought of Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the evaluation index system of ecological clean small watershed is constructed.The index system includes five factors: water maintenance demand, habitat environment maintenance demand, soil erosion control demand, pollution control demand, ecological environment maintenance demand, water source function, water function classification, settlement environment, per capita income, etc.Population density, the rate of soil and water loss, the proportion of the area of sloping land more than 5 掳, the area of rocky desertification, the area of agricultural land, the area of construction land, the area of all kinds of protected areas,The index weight of index system was determined by using structure entropy weight method.The criterion layer factor weight relation is determined as water source maintenance demand 0.2798) soil erosion control demand 0.2412) pollution control demand 0.1852) habitat environment maintenance demand 0.157) ecological environment maintenance demand 0.1368.The standard data is normalized,The evaluation system constructed in this paper is used to comprehensively evaluate the construction demand of ecological clean small watershed in Panxian county, and the quantitative evaluation of 142 small watershed ecological clean construction demand in pan county is realized.From low to high between 2.887.43 and 2.887.43) through field investigation of 5 small watersheds, the rationality of the evaluation results of ecological clean small watershed construction demand in Panxian County is verified. 6) the ecological clean small watershed construction needs evaluation system constructed in this paper.It has been applied to the assessment of the needs of ecological clean small watershed construction in Panxian County, and has obtained certain results, which proves that the application of the evaluation index system in the construction of ecological clean small watershed in karst mountain area has strong practicability and practical significance.It lays a foundation for the further research on the needs assessment of ecological clean small watershed construction in the future, and has certain reference significance for the relevant research of ecological clean small watershed.
【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S157

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