玉溪水稻夏季低温冷害的气候特点和指标

发布时间：2018-04-06 23:06

  本文选题：粳稻　切入点：抽穗期　出处：《西南农业学报》2017年12期

【摘要】：【目的】夏季低温冷害是云南水稻减产的主要原因之一,文章为准确评估、预测低温冷害对水稻产量的影响展开研究。【方法】基于36年水稻物候和空壳率及气候资料,使用相关、主成分和回归分析与典型年水稻冷害气候分析相结合,研究粳稻夏季低温冷害的气候特点和指标。【结果】孕穗抽穗期是粳稻低温冷害的主要敏感期,滇中地区一季稻夏季冷害对夜间低温较为敏感,最低气温是引发冷害的首要因素;滇中夏季气温典型偏低、多雨寡照特征和气温波动明显,从而易于引发水稻低温冷害。【结论】连续2 d最低气温均值15.5℃、连续3 d最高气温均值22.5℃可作为滇中水稻夏季冷害的参考性临界指标;使用抽穗前11-5 d最低气温和抽穗前2 d至抽穗后4 d最高气温及此二时段平均气温构建了夏季低温冷害综合指标H,它与水稻空壳率呈高度负相关,对滇中粳稻夏季低温冷害有一定的表征能力。
[Abstract]:[objective] low temperature chilling injury in summer is one of the main reasons for rice yield reduction in Yunnan. In order to evaluate and predict the effect of low temperature chilling injury on rice yield in Yunnan province, the effect of low temperature chilling injury on rice yield was studied. [methods] based on 36 years' rice phenology, empty shell rate and climate data,Using correlation, principal component and regression analysis and climate analysis of rice chilling injury in typical years, the climatic characteristics and indexes of cold injury in summer of japonica rice were studied. [results] booting heading stage was the main sensitive period of cold injury in japonica rice.The summer chilling injury of one-cropping rice in central Yunnan is sensitive to the night low temperature, and the lowest temperature is the primary factor causing the chilling injury, the summer temperature in central Yunnan is typically low, the characteristics of heavy rain and little light and the fluctuation of temperature are obvious.[conclusion] the mean minimum temperature of 15.5 鈩，

本文编号：1719305