河北地区不同农田蚯蚓多样性及其与土壤环境的关系

发布时间：2018-04-09 07:44

本文选题：蚯蚓　切入点：多样性　出处：《中国农业大学学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：为探讨河北地区土壤环境对蚯蚓多样性的影响,采用挖掘法收集土壤与蚯蚓样品,蚯蚓个体清水洗净后放在吸水纸上吸干水分,称其鲜重,随后使用75%乙醇处死蚯蚓,全部个体保存于95%乙醇。个体形态鉴定依据《中国陆栖蚯蚓》。结果表明:在河北地区共记录12种蚯蚓,隶属于3科,6属。日本杜拉蚓(21.00条/m~2)、天锡杜拉蚓(14.09条/m~2)与梯形流蚓(16.91条/m~2)为该地区优势种。各采样点蚯蚓密度是8~216条/m~2,蚯蚓总鲜重1.60~530.12g/m~2。玉米地的物种多样性指数最大(0.84),杨树林最小(0.451);杨树林的优势度指数最大(0.398),玉米地最小(0.179);玉米地的物种均匀度指数最高(0.365),杨树林最低(0.325);卷心菜地的丰富度指数最高(1.594),杨树林则最小(0.662)。卷心菜地与玉米地2种生境之间的物种相似度最高(0.80)。河北地区土壤为弱碱性,pH为7.52~8.96;有机质含量为0.12%~3.42%。全氮含量为0.01%~0.20%。速效磷含量最小含量为1.56mg/kg,最大值为270.76mg/kg。速效钾含量最小含量为60mg/kg,最大值为825mg/kg。卷心菜地有机质含量(1.689%)稍高于其他生境。各生境的全氮含量均偏低。玉米地速效磷含量(22.149mg/kg)略高于总体均值,且高于杨树林、卷心菜地的磷含量。卷心菜地速效钾含量最高(249.035mg/kg),杨树林速效钾、速效磷含量最低(184.454和6.175mg/kg)。河北中部地区速效钾含量最高(266.663mg/kg),东部为最低(110.478mg/kg)。北部地区速效磷含量较高(37.711mg/kg),东部地区最低(4.175mg/kg)。结论:土壤pH、有机质、全氮含量、作物类型是蚯蚓物种密度的关键影响因素。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effect of soil environment on earthworm diversity in Hebei area, soil and earthworm samples were collected by excavation method. The earthworm was washed with water and dried on the absorbent paper to weigh its fresh weight. Then 75% ethanol was used to kill the earthworm.All individuals were preserved in 95% ethanol.The identification of individual morphology was based on Chinese terrestrial earthworm.The results showed that there were 12 species of earthworms in Hebei province, belonging to 6 genera and 3 families.The dominant species in this area are 21.00 / mnmmmmct, 14.09 / mm2 / m ~ (2) and 16.91 / m ~ (2) / m ~ (2) / m ~ (2) / m ~ (2) / m ~ (2) / m ~ (2) / m ~ (2), respectively.The total fresh weight of earthworm is 1.60,530.12g / m ~ (2), and the density of earthworm is 8216 / m ~ (2).The species diversity index of cornfield is the highest (0.84m), the poplar forest is the smallest (0.451g), the dominance index of poplar is the largest (0.398m), the minimum is 0.179 (maize), the species evenness index of cornfield (0.365) is the highest, the poplar (poplar) is the lowest (0.325), and the richness index of cabbage (cabbage) is the highest.Poplar trees were the smallest.The species similarity between cabbage field and cornfield was the highest (0.80%).The pH value of soil is 7.52 ~ 8.96 and the content of organic matter is 0.12 ~ 3.42 in Hebei area.The total nitrogen content was 0.01 and 0.20.The minimum content of available phosphorus was 1.56 mg / kg and the maximum value was 270.76 mg / kg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1).The minimum content of available potassium is 60 mg / kg and the maximum value is 825 mg / kg.The content of organic matter in cabbage field was slightly higher than that in other habitats.The total nitrogen content of each habitat was low.The content of available phosphorus in corn field was 22.149 mg 路kg ~ (-1) higher than the total average, and higher than that in poplar forest and cabbage field.The content of available potassium in cabbage field was 249.035 mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1), that in poplar forest was the lowest (184.454) and 6.175 mg / kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1).The content of available potassium in central Hebei was the highest (266.663 mg / kg), and in the east was the lowest (110.478 mg / kg).The content of available phosphorus in the northern region was higher than that in the eastern region (37.711 mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1)) and 4.175 mg / kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1).Conclusion: soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen content and crop type are the key influencing factors of earthworm species density.
【作者单位】：廊坊师范学院生命科学学院;中国农业大学资源与环境学院;邢台市农业科学研究院;
【基金】：廊坊师范学院博士自然科学基金(LSBS201305) 河北省自然科学基金(C2015408038)
【分类号】：S154.5

【相似文献】