农艺措施对轻中度盐碱障碍农田土壤养分的影响

发布时间：2018-04-09 13:31

本文选题：农艺措施　切入点：盐碱障碍　出处：《土壤通报》2017年01期

【摘要】：以黄淮海平原盐碱障碍农田为研究对象,探究了秸秆覆盖、灌溉、氮素调控等农艺措施对轻中度盐碱障碍农田土壤养分的影响。研究结果表明:相比于当地常规水肥管理,增施氮肥能够显著促进土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的提高,应用3年后的0~20 cm土层,相应分别提高29.02%、52.04%、75.79%和45.06%;秸秆覆盖能够明显增加土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量,应用3年后,相应分别增加26.15%、19.53%、42.08%、11.22%和35.81%;加大灌溉量减少了土壤有效磷和速效钾的消耗。应用3年后,秸秆覆盖和氮素调控下土壤有机质和碱解氮均由五级上升为三级,速效钾由四级上升为三级,养分适量;秸秆覆盖和加大灌溉量下的土壤有效磷由三级下降为四级;灌溉条件下土壤有机质由五级增加到四级,碱解氮由四级增加到三级。在黄淮海平原轻中度盐碱障碍农田的管理实际中应当适当增加秸秆覆盖量、增施氮素、补充磷肥并且适量灌溉。
[Abstract]:The effects of straw mulching, irrigation, nitrogen regulation and other agronomic measures on soil nutrients of saline and alkali barrier farmland in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain were studied.The results showed that the application of nitrogen fertilizer could significantly promote the improvement of soil organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium compared with the local conventional water and fertilizer management.The content of organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were significantly increased by straw mulching after 3 years of application, and the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were significantly increased after three years of application, and the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were significantly increased after three years of application.The soil available phosphorus and available potassium consumption were reduced by increasing irrigation amount by 11.22% and 35.81%, respectively.After three years of application, soil organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen increased from five to three, available potassium increased from four to three under the control of straw mulch and nitrogen.Under the condition of straw mulching and increasing irrigation, the available phosphorus of soil decreased from the third stage to the fourth grade, the organic matter of the soil increased from the fifth stage to the fourth stage, and the alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen increased from the fourth stage to the third grade under irrigation conditions.In the management practice of mild-to-moderate saline-alkali barrier farmland in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, the amount of straw mulch should be increased, nitrogen should be added, phosphorus fertilizer should be added and appropriate irrigation should be made.
【作者单位】：土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室中国科学院南京土壤研究所;河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所;
【基金】：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(15)1005) 国家科技基础性工作专项(2015FY110500) 国家自然科学基金项目(41171178) 江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2013357)资助
【分类号】：S158

【相似文献】