不同覆盖措施对滴灌枣园土壤水热及矿质氮素的影响

发布时间：2018-04-10 02:40

本文选题：枣园　切入点：覆盖措施　出处：《干旱地区农业研究》2016年01期

【摘要】：为了提高南疆枣园滴灌水肥利用效率,有效改善土壤特性,进行了芦苇秸秆、小麦秸秆、地膜(白色)、玉米秸秆4种覆盖措施的研究。结果表明:4种覆盖措施都能够减少棵间蒸发,提高土壤水分,与对照相比土壤棵间蒸发量分别减少了34.95%、31.08%、35.75%、29.38%,芦苇和地膜的保墒效果较好;保温效果为地膜小麦秸秆玉米秸秆芦苇,芦苇覆盖温度最高土层在10 cm,其他处理均在5 cm处;不同生育阶段各处理土层的矿质氮素含量不同,地膜覆盖能显著影响土壤的硝态氮含量,7—8月中旬覆盖条件下的矿质氮素与对照相比均有所增加,与对照相比7月中旬地膜覆盖提高幅度最大,为323.96%,其含量与气温高低相关;枣树生育阶段前期小麦秸秆覆盖下土壤碱解氮含量相对较高,其中7月中旬增幅最大,达到了57.41%。综合分析表明芦苇覆盖下土壤水热及矿质氮素的田间变异较小。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of drip irrigation in south Xinjiang jujube orchard and improve soil characteristics, four mulching measures were studied, such as Reed straw, wheat straw, mulching film (white straw and corn straw).The results showed that all of the four mulching measures could reduce evaporation and increase soil moisture. Compared with the control, the evaporation of soil between plants was decreased by 34.95% 31.08% and 35.7575% 29.38%, respectively, and the heat preservation effect of Reed and mulching film was better than that of mulching wheat straw and corn straw Reed, and the heat preservation effect was that of mulching mulching wheat straw and corn straw Reed.The highest temperature soil layer of Reed was 10 cm, and the other treatments were at 5 cm. The mineral nitrogen content of different treatments was different in different growing stages.Film mulching could significantly affect the nitrate nitrogen content of soil in the middle of July and August. Compared with the control, the content of mineral nitrogen increased in the middle of July, compared with the control, and the film mulching increased by 323.96 in the middle of July compared with the control, and its content was related to the temperature.The soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content was relatively high in the early stage of jujube growing stage, and reached 57.41% in the middle of July.Comprehensive analysis showed that the field variation of soil water, heat and mineral nitrogen under Reed mulch was small.
【作者单位】：塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51169024;51569030)
【分类号】：S665.1;S152

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