土壤质量评价中文文献分析

发布时间：2018-04-10 05:21

本文选题：土壤质量　切入点：评价指标　出处：《土壤通报》2017年03期

【摘要】：基于中国知网(CNKI,http://www.cnki.net)1950~2016年关于土壤质量方面的中文文献查阅结果,概述了我国关于土壤质量的内涵认知、评价指标体系选择和权重确定方法以及土壤质量评价方法,旨在为今后的土壤质量评价提供参考。关于土壤质量的内涵,中国科研人员更接受土壤肥力和土壤质量这两个概念,进入21世纪后,中国开始更为关注基于"污染"的土壤环境质量;评价指标体系大致可以分为土壤物理指标、土壤养分和常规化学指标、土壤生物指标和污染物指标四类,土壤物理指标中,质地、含水量和耕层厚度使用频数最多,土壤养分与常规化学指标中,有机碳和pH使用频数最多,土壤生物指标中酶活性、细菌数量和真菌数量使用频数最多,但相比于物理指标和土壤养分和常规化学指标,生物指标的应用较少,污染物指标中重金属指标的使用频数最多;指标权重的确定方法中主观法的层次分析法和客观法的主成分分析占主导地位;土壤质量评价方法中综合指数法和内梅罗指数法应用的最多。土壤质量评价指标体系,因评价者、评价区域、评价对象和评价目的的不同而不同,随着我国经济、土壤微生物的研究技术的迅猛发展,预计微生物指标在土壤质量评价中将会得到越来越广泛和深入的应用。
[Abstract]:Based on the results of Chinese literature on soil quality from 1950 to 2016, this paper summarizes the connotation cognition of soil quality, the selection of evaluation index system and the determination of weight, and the evaluation methods of soil quality in China, based on the results of CNKI / http / / www.cnki.net.net / / / www.cnki.net.net / www.cnki.net.com.The aim is to provide reference for future soil quality evaluation.On the connotation of soil quality, Chinese researchers have accepted the concepts of soil fertility and soil quality. After entering the 21st century, China began to pay more attention to soil environmental quality based on "pollution".The evaluation index system can be roughly divided into four categories: soil physical index, soil nutrient and conventional chemical index, soil biological index and pollutant index. Among the soil physical indexes, texture, water content and thickness of tilling layer are the most frequently used.Among soil nutrient and conventional chemical indexes, organic carbon and pH were most frequently used, enzyme activity, bacteria and fungi were most frequently used in soil biological index, but compared with physical index and soil nutrient and conventional chemical index.The application of biological index is less, the heavy metal index of pollutant index is the most frequently used, the subjective method of analytic hierarchy process and objective method of principal component analysis are dominant in the determination of index weight.The comprehensive index method and the Nemero index method are the most widely used methods in soil quality evaluation.The evaluation index system of soil quality varies according to the evaluator, the evaluation area, the evaluation object and the evaluation purpose. With the rapid development of the research technology of soil microorganism in our country,It is expected that microbial indicators will be more and more widely used in soil quality assessment.
【作者单位】：土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所);中国科学院大学;
【基金】：中国-欧盟国际合作项目(i SQAPER) 国家重点研发计划-政府间专项(2016YFE0112700) 中国科学院国际合作局对外重点合作项目(151432KYSB2015007)资助
【分类号】：G353.1;S15

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