施用生物炭对土壤呼吸以及土壤有机碳组分的影响

发布时间：2018-04-10 06:28

本文选题：生态系统呼吸　切入点：植物呼吸　出处：《环境科学研究》2017年06期

【摘要】：为确定生物炭对土壤呼吸速率以及土壤碳组分的影响,采用田间小区试验,以苹果果树枝条生物炭为试验材料,研究了添加0、20、40、60、80 t/hm~2的苹果果树枝条生物炭后,小麦生态系统呼吸(R_e)、土壤呼吸(R_s)、植物呼吸(R_p)、土壤TOC(总有机碳)、土壤POC(颗粒有机碳)、WSOC(土壤水溶性有机碳)和土壤AOC(易氧化有机碳)的变化以及各指标之间的相关性.结果表明,添加生物炭显著提高了小麦生态系统呼吸速率、土壤呼吸速率和植物呼吸速率,与对照相比分别增加了9.98%~27.57%、9.33%~19.47%和10.18%~30.14%,并且生物炭施用量为20和40 t/hm~2时土壤呼吸速率显著高于其他两个处理,而对于小麦生态系统呼吸速率和植物呼吸速率来说,施用40 t/hm~2生物炭时其值最高.对于土壤碳组分,施用生物炭显著提高了0~20cm土层中土壤w(TOC)、w(POC)和w(AOC),并且土壤w(TOC)和w(POC)与生物炭施用量呈极显著正相关.对于WSOC而言,当生物炭施用量高于40 t/hm~2时其值显著降低,与对照相比,0~10、10~20和20~30 cm三个土层中w(WSOC)分别降低了21.82%~28.37%、35.88%~36.58%和32.28%~44.07%.研究显示,适量施用生物炭能够提高土壤w(TOC)、w(POC)和w(AOC)而降低了w(WSOC),但同时也增加了小麦生态系统呼吸速率.
[Abstract]:In order to determine the effect of biochar on soil respiration rate and soil carbon composition, a field plot experiment was carried out to study the effects of biocharcoal on apple tree branch after adding 0 ~ (20) ~ (40) ~ (40) ~ (60) ~ (80) t/hm~2 to apple tree branch biochar.The changes of total organic carbon (TOC), soil POC (soil water-soluble organic carbon) and soil AOC (easily oxidized organic carbon) in wheat ecosystem were studied.The results showed that the respiration rate of wheat ecosystem, soil respiration rate and plant respiration rate were significantly increased by adding biochar.Compared with the control, the soil respiration rate increased by 19.47% and 10.18%, respectively, and the soil respiration rate of 20 and 40 t / hm ~ 2 was significantly higher than that of the other two treatments, and the respiration rate of wheat ecosystem and plant was significantly higher than that of the other two treatments.When 40 t/hm~2 biochar was applied, its value was the highest.For the soil carbon components, the application of biochar significantly increased the amount of 0~20cm in 0~20cm soil layer, and there was a very significant positive correlation between the application rate of BAC and the amount of soil WTOC) and WPOC (P < 0. 01), and the results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the application of biochar and the application of biochar.For WSOC, when the amount of biochar applied was higher than 40 t / hm ~ 2, the value of WSOC decreased significantly. Compared with the control, the value of WSOC decreased 21.82%, 28.37%, 35.88% and 32.28%, respectively, in the three soil layers of 10 ~ 10 ~ 20 and 20 ~ 30 cm, respectively, by 21.82%, 36.58% and 32.28%, respectively.The results showed that the suitable application of biochar could increase the soil WAC (POC) and WAOC (WAC) and decrease the WSOC, but also increase the respiration rate of wheat ecosystem.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学资源环境学院农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室;陕西省宝鸡市辛家山林业局;
【基金】：国家农业部“948”项目(2010-Z19) 杨凌示范区科技计划项目(2015SF-03)
【分类号】：S141;S512.1

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