内蒙古霍林河南露天煤矿复垦区土壤理化性质的研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 19:53

本文选题：土地复垦 + 理化性质　；参考：《内蒙古农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：内蒙古霍林河煤矿是大型国有煤炭企业,已有30多年的开采历史,为国家和地方经济发展做出了重要的贡献。从20世纪90年代开始进行矿区土地复垦工作,取得了明显成效。本文以霍林河露天煤矿不同时段、不同地点的复垦区为研究对象,通过野外调查、定点取样和室内分析,对复垦土地的土壤理化性质进行系统研究,主要研究结论如下：(1)与对照区相比,研究区排土场平台的容重、砂粒含量、PH值、速效钾明显增加,粘粒含量、有机质、速效磷、碱解氮明显减少。排土场边坡的砂粒含量、PH值、速效钾有所增加,粘粒含量、有机质、速效磷、碱解氮有所降低,边坡容重值变化不明显。随着剖面深度的逐步加大,土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、砂粒含量表现为逐渐减小的趋势,土壤PH值、容重、速效钾、粘粒含量则呈上升趋势。(2)随复垦年限的增加,复垦土壤容重、PH值、速效钾、砂粒含量逐渐降低,碱解氮、有机质、速效磷含量逐渐升高。表明矿区复垦初见成效,土壤开始熟化,土壤质量有所提高。(3)复垦1-3年时间段内,土壤表层碱解氮、有机质、速效磷、黏粒含量增速明显,PH值、容重、速效钾、砂粒含量降幅较大。复垦3-10年时间段内,土壤表层碱解氮、有机质、速效磷、黏粒含量增速变缓,PH值、容重、速效钾、砂粒含量降幅不大。结果表明在复垦初期土壤主要理化性质指标变化较大,复垦效果较为显著,随复垦时间增长,土壤主要理化性质指标的变化趋于缓和：复垦10年的土地,各指标值仍与对照区有较大差距。
[Abstract]:Huolinhe Coal Mine is a large state-owned coal enterprise in Inner Mongolia. It has been exploited for more than 30 years and has made important contributions to the development of national and local economy.Land reclamation in mining area has been carried out since 1990's, and obvious results have been achieved.In this paper, the soil physical and chemical properties of reclaimed land in Huolinhe opencast coal mine were systematically studied by field investigation, fixed spot sampling and indoor analysis.The main conclusions are as follows: (1) compared with the control area, the bulk density, sand content, available potassium, clay content, organic matter, available phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen of the dump platform in the study area were obviously increased.The sand content, available potassium, organic matter, available phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen of the dump slope decreased, but the bulk density of the slope did not change obviously.The soil organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and sand content decreased gradually with increasing depth of soil profile, and the soil PH value, bulk density, available potassium and clay content increased with the increase of reclamation years.The PH value, available potassium and sand content of reclaimed soil decreased gradually, while the content of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen, organic matter and available phosphorus increased gradually.The results showed that the soil began to mature and the soil quality was improved during the period of 1-3 years. In the period of 1-3 years, soil surface alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus, clay content increased obviously PH value, bulk density, available potassium.Sand content decreased greatly.In the period of 3-10 years, the soil surface alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus, clay content increased slowly and PH value, bulk density, available potassium and sand content decreased little.The results showed that the main physical and chemical properties of soil changed greatly in the early stage of reclamation, and the effect of reclamation was obvious. With the increase of reclamation time, the change of main physical and chemical properties of soil tended to moderate: land reclaimed for 10 years.There is still a big gap between each index value and the control area.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S153;TD88

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