作物生长可控环境优化控制方法的研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 20:36

本文选题：智能控制 + 植物生长环境　；参考：《天津职业技术师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：21世纪以来,人们对于推动农业的智能化越来越重视,农业智能化可以利用能源克服作物生长受到的气候、环境、地理位置、季节等因素的影响。但是能源消耗过大是智能农业面临的首要问题,如何在实现农业智能化的基础上节约能源是有待解决的重要课题。优化植物生长环境,实现智能化农业,同时实现经济效益最优,在保证生态效益的前提下,提高经济效益,提高作物产量、降低能源消耗、减少资源浪费。作物生长系统是一种高度非线性,强耦合,多输入输出的系统,具有动态特性,很大程度上受外界气候(风速,室外温度和湿度等)和许多其它实际约束(执行机构等)的干扰。由于作物生长环境的复杂性,在生产过程中很难控制。作物优化控制系统的主要目的是改善作物生长的环境条件,作物生长环境的控制为了优化生产过程,进一步改善环境条件,节约能源。本课题通过对可控环境优化控制方法的学习和研究,结合我国的国情和现有的研究成果,以一个小型的作物生长环境模拟系统——植物生长柜为例,建立作物生长可控环境优化控制系统,研究优化控制方法。主要研究内容如下:(1)研究作物生长环境,建立作物生长环境可控系统。以温度、湿度、光照度、CO2浓度为研究对象,根据作物生长需要,人工模拟作物生态环境,建立符合作物生长周期的作物生长系统,为系统进行优化奠定基础。(2)测量和判定作物的生长状态。通过测量并分析作物的长势来判定作物生长控制系统优劣,这是判定作物生长系统最直接的方法。植物叶片可以反应出众多的作物生长情况,通过CO2分析法,实时测量并分析作物的生长状况;但是作物生长具有周期性,所有通过测量叶片的叶面积、页周长等,综合判断作物的生长状态,为作物生长环境的优化控制建立评价标准,快速、直接、合理的评价优化系统。(3)研究可控环境优化控制模型,比较分析各种优化控制方法的优点和不足,使用BP神经网络PID控制方法设计可控环境的优化控制系统,模拟仿真系统,为作物生长环境的优化控制系统建立理论基础。。(4)建立作物生长可控环境优化控制系统。根据实验室已有设备,建立作物生长可控环境优化控制系统。通过传感器技术、嵌入式技术、执行器等,自动调控柜内的温度、湿度、光照度等环境参数。因为温湿度调节过程中,存在明显的滞后现象,所以根据实测值与标准值之间的差值,对温湿度分段进行调节。
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, more and more attention has been paid to the promotion of agricultural intelligence, which can overcome the effects of climate, environment, geographical location, season and other factors on crop growth.However, excessive energy consumption is the most important problem faced by intelligent agriculture, and how to save energy on the basis of realizing agricultural intelligence is an important issue to be solved.In order to optimize the environment of plant growth, realize intelligent agriculture and realize the best economic benefit, we can improve the economic benefit, increase crop yield, reduce energy consumption and reduce the waste of resources on the premise of ensuring ecological benefit.Crop growth system is a highly nonlinear, strongly coupled, multi-input-output system with dynamic characteristics and largely subject to outside climate (wind speed, wind speed, wind speed, wind speed, wind speed, wind speed, wind speed, wind speed, wind speed, wind speed,Outdoor temperature and humidity) and many other physical constraints (actuators, etc.) interference.Because of the complexity of crop growing environment, it is difficult to control in the production process.The main purpose of crop optimal control system is to improve the environmental conditions of crop growth. The control of crop growth environment is to optimize the production process, further improve the environmental conditions, and save energy.Through the study and research on the method of controllable environment optimization control, combined with the situation of our country and the existing research results, we take a small crop growth environment simulation system-plant growth cabinet as an example.The optimal control system of controlled environment for crop growth was established and the optimal control method was studied.The main research contents are as follows: 1) study the crop growth environment and establish the crop growth environment controllable system.Taking temperature, humidity and light intensity of CO _ 2 as the research object, according to the needs of crop growth, the crop ecological environment was simulated artificially, and the crop growth system was established according to the crop growth cycle.It lays a foundation for the optimization of the system, and measures and determines the growth state of crops.It is the most direct method to judge crop growth control system by measuring and analyzing crop growth.Plant leaves can reflect a wide range of crop growth, measuring and analyzing crop growth in real time by CO2 analysis, but crop growth is periodic, all by measuring leaf area, leaf circumference, etc.The optimal control model of controllable environment is studied by synthetically judging the growth state of crops and establishing the evaluation standard for the optimal control of crop growth environment, which is a rapid, direct and reasonable evaluation and optimization system.The advantages and disadvantages of various optimal control methods are compared and analyzed. The BP neural network PID control method is used to design the optimal control system in controllable environment and to simulate the simulation system.The optimal control system of crop growth controlled environment is established on the theoretical basis of crop growth environment optimization control system.According to the existing equipment in the laboratory, the optimal control system of controlled environment for crop growth was established.Through sensor technology, embedded technology, actuator, automatic control cabinet temperature, humidity, illumination and other environmental parameters.Because there is obvious lag in the process of temperature and humidity adjustment, the temperature and humidity are adjusted according to the difference between the measured value and the standard value.
【学位授予单位】：天津职业技术师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S126

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