玉米秸秆捡拾粉碎机设计及田间性能试验研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 23:04

本文选题：捡拾粉碎机 + 玉米秸秆　；参考：《新疆农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于长时间自然和人为因素的影响,我国新疆地区天然牧场退化严重,畜牧业出现了牲畜饲草料不足,生产力下降等问题。同时我国新疆农牧区每年产生大量的秸秆,秸秆随意丢弃、田间焚烧现象严重,我区秸秆整体利用率不高。本课题以昌吉回族自治州奇台县振兴工贸有限责任公司为依托,在原有技术基础上研制新型的牧草秸秆捡拾粉碎机来提高我区对秸秆的利用效率。本课题主要以摘穗后的成熟玉米秸秆作为作业对象。首先对玉米秸秆的生物特性和横截面组织进行研究,指出了影响切割玉米秸秆的主要力学因素。分析了秸秆切割理论,确定了进行滑切的切割条件,并对玉米秸秆进行了力学模型的建立,以及对往复式切割机构进行了运动学分析,为切割玉米秸秆提供依据。对研制的新型牧草秸秆捡拾粉碎机整机设计进行了分析,并指出老式粉碎机中存在的不足。运用Pro/Engineer软件对重要机构检拾装置进行了三维实体建模和运动仿真。对粉碎装置进行研究,指出了锤片运动时整机不震动时锤片应满足动平衡的条件,为捡拾粉碎机正常工作提供了理论依据。最后对粉碎装置中的动刀利用ANSYS有限元分析软件进行了静力结构分析,得出动刀在受力运动时所受到的应力和应变,为优化刀具改善刀具所受应力结构提供了理论依据。然后,对改进后新型捡拾粉碎机性能进行田间试验检测。指出了在75马力农用拖拉机带动工作下,机器作业速度2.3km/h,捡拾器转速48r/min,粉碎器转速2140r/min的情况下,得出机器对秸秆进行捡拾和粉碎的数据,分析数据检测样机性能是否满足设计要求,为进一步优化设计提供依据。
[Abstract]:Due to the influence of natural and human factors for a long time, the natural pastures in Xinjiang region of China have been degraded seriously, and the livestock husbandry has appeared the problems such as the shortage of livestock forage and the decline of productivity, etc.At the same time, a large amount of straw is produced in Xinjiang agricultural and pastoral areas every year, straw is discarded at will, burning phenomenon in the field is serious, the overall utilization ratio of straw in our area is not high.Based on Qitai County, Qitai County, Changji Autonomous Prefecture, this paper develops a new type of forage straw picker based on the original technology to improve the utilization efficiency of straw in our area.This subject mainly takes mature corn stalk after picking as the object of operation.Firstly, the biological characteristics and cross section structure of corn straw were studied, and the main mechanical factors affecting cutting corn straw were pointed out.The theory of straw cutting was analyzed, the cutting conditions were determined, the mechanical model of corn straw was established, and the kinematics analysis of reciprocating cutting mechanism was carried out, which provided the basis for cutting corn straw.This paper analyzes the design of a new type of forage straw picking mill, and points out the shortcomings of the old mill.The 3D solid modeling and motion simulation of the important mechanism pickup device are carried out by using Pro/Engineer software.In this paper, the grinding device is studied, and it is pointed out that the hammer should meet the condition of dynamic balance when the hammer is moving without vibration, which provides a theoretical basis for the normal work of the pick-up pulverizer.Finally, the static structure analysis of the moving knife in the grinding device is carried out by using the ANSYS finite element analysis software, and the stress and strain of the moving knife are obtained, which provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the tool to improve the stress structure of the tool.Then, the performance of the improved new pick-up mill was tested in the field.It is pointed out that under the condition of 75 horsepower agricultural tractor driving, the working speed of machine is 2.3 km / h, the speed of picker is 48 r / min, and the speed of pulverizer is 2140r/min, the data of picking up and crushing straw by machine are obtained.This paper analyzes whether the performance of the data detection prototype meets the design requirements, and provides the basis for further optimization design.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S224.29

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