新疆天山天池景区旅游环境影响的土壤磁学响应研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 04:14

本文选题：土壤磁性 + 特征　；参考：《新疆师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：旅游业的快速发展给经济、社会带来了巨大收益,然而,由此带来的环境问题也日益凸显。土壤是旅游景区主要的环境载体,景区旅游设施建设、旅游交通、游客践踏等干扰对土壤环境产生影响,土壤则通过其理化性状变化对这种人为干扰产生响应。土壤磁性是土壤重要的物理属性,其性质变化可以反映人为因素对土壤环境的影响。但是大量研究成果中,对旅游景区土壤磁学性质进行分析,进而揭示其环境意义的相关研究并不多见,因此,非常有必要加强此方面的研究。本研究依托导师国家自然科学基金项目,以环境磁学基本理论和土壤磁学研究成果为理论依据和支撑,选取新疆天山天池景区为研究区,以景区内携带不同环境变化信息的表层土壤和剖面土壤为研究对象,借助环境磁学的方法,对景区土壤样品的磁性参数进行系统测定,分析了景区不同旅游干扰区土壤的磁学特征及空间分布格局,并对其所蕴含的环境指示意义进行探讨。研究结果表明:(1)天山天池景区表层以亚铁磁性矿物(磁铁矿)为主;土壤磁性矿物含量适中;磁性颗粒主要由稳定单畴(SSD)粗颗粒和超顺磁(SP)颗粒构成。不同区域土壤磁学特征存在差异,旅游活动区土壤亚铁磁性矿物含量高于未干扰区,土壤磁性颗粒较粗。未干扰区则相反。单因素方差分析表明,活动区与未干扰区在土壤磁性矿物含量和颗粒上存在显著差异,表明旅游干扰对活动区土壤磁性影响显著,未干扰区土壤磁性特征主要与自然成土过程有关。(2)土壤剖面磁性矿物以亚铁磁性矿物(磁铁矿)为主,不同区域(交通区、食宿区、对照区)土壤磁性矿物含量和颗粒存在差异,交通区各层次土壤磁性矿物含量显著高于对照区和食宿区。在垂直方向上,土壤亚铁磁性矿物含量随深度增加而大体下降,且相对于下层土壤(20~50 cm)而言,交通区上层土壤(0~20cm)颗粒较粗,磁性较强,表明旅游交通对土壤磁性特征产生明显影响。食宿区土壤亚铁磁性物质含量随深度增加而增加,上层土壤(0~30 cm)磁性颗粒比下层土壤(30~50 cm)细,这与该区土壤受到人为翻新和扰动有关,对照区受自然成土作用影响,土壤磁性矿物含量随深度增加而降低,上层颗粒比下层颗粒细。(3)空间分析表明:环湖带状区域土壤亚铁磁性矿物富集程度高。其中海北定海神针至西王母祖庙区域为土壤磁性矿物含量高值区。而向外过渡至外围区,土壤的磁性矿物含量降低,颗粒较细。从典型样点的空间分布格局看,磁性矿物含量高值点与景区停车场、码头、景区公路和区间车道等旅游设施的分布具有一致性,表明景区土壤主要受到旅游交通和专门服务设施活动的干扰。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of tourism has brought enormous benefits to the economy and society. However, the environmental problems brought about by it have become increasingly prominent.Soil is the main environmental carrier in scenic spots. Tourist facilities construction, tourist traffic, tourist trampling and other disturbances have an impact on the soil environment, and the soil response to this human disturbance through the changes of its physical and chemical properties.Soil magnetism is an important physical property of soil, and its change can reflect the influence of human factors on soil environment.However, among a large number of research results, it is rare to analyze the soil magnetic properties of tourist attractions, and then to reveal the environmental significance of the relevant studies. Therefore, it is very necessary to strengthen the research in this area.Based on the project of National Natural Science Foundation and the basic theory of environmental magnetism and the research results of soil magnetism, this study selects Tianchi scenic spot of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang as the research area.Taking the surface soil and profile soil carrying different environmental change information in the scenic spot as the research object, the magnetic parameters of the soil samples in the scenic spot were systematically measured by the method of environmental magnetism.The magnetic characteristics and spatial distribution pattern of soil in different tourist disturbance areas of scenic spots were analyzed, and the significance of environmental indication was discussed.The results show that the surface layer of Tianshan Tianchi scenic spot is dominated by ferromagnetic minerals (magnetite), the content of soil magnetic minerals is moderate, and the magnetic particles are mainly composed of stable single domain SSDs coarse particles and superparamagnetic SPs particles.There were differences in soil magnetic characteristics among different regions. The content of soil ferrous magnetic minerals in tourist active areas was higher than that in undisturbed areas, and the magnetic particles of soil were coarse.The undisturbed area is the opposite.Univariate analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in soil magnetic mineral contents and particles between active and undisturbed areas, indicating that tourism interference had a significant effect on soil magnetic properties in active areas.The magnetic characteristics of soil in undisturbed area are mainly related to natural soil-forming process. (2) the magnetic minerals in soil profile are mainly ferromagnetic minerals (magnetite), different regions (traffic area, accommodation area, food and lodging area).The contents of magnetic minerals and particles in the soil of the control area were significantly higher than those in the control area and the room and board area. The content of magnetic minerals in each layer of the communication area was significantly higher than that in the control area.In the vertical direction, the content of ferromagnetic minerals in the soil decreased with the increase of depth, and compared with the lower soil (20 ~ 50 cm), the upper layer of the transport area was characterized by coarse and magnetic particles.The results showed that tourism traffic had a significant effect on the magnetic properties of soil.The content of ferromagnetic material in the soil increased with the increase of depth, and the magnetic particles in the upper soil (0 ~ 30 cm) were finer than those in the lower soil (30 ~ 50 cm), which was related to the artificial renovation and disturbance of the soil in this area, and the natural soil-forming process affected the control area.The content of magnetic minerals in the soil decreased with the increase of depth, and the upper layer particles were smaller than the lower layer particles. The spatial analysis showed that the enrichment degree of soil ferromagnetic minerals in the zonal region around the lake was higher than that in the lower layer.The area from Dinghai to Xiwangmu Zumiao is a high value region of soil magnetic minerals.However, the magnetic mineral content of the soil decreased and the particles were finer when the soil transitioned to the periphery.From the view of the spatial distribution pattern of typical sample points, the distribution of high value points of magnetic minerals is consistent with the distribution of tourist facilities such as parking lot, wharf, scenic road and interval carriageway, etc.The results show that the soil of scenic area is mainly disturbed by tourism traffic and special service facilities.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S153.2

【参考文献】