土壤剖面构型改良与耕地质量提升研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 15:21

本文选题：土壤剖面构型 + 改良方法　；参考：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：全国耕地质量等别评定成果显示,我国耕地质量现状总体偏低。土壤剖面构型作为耕地质量重要影响因素,却在土地整治工作中被忽视。土壤剖面构型不仅反映土壤形成内部条件与外部环境,还体现耕作土壤肥力状况和生产性能。研究不同类型剖面构型改良方法对耕地质量提升具有重要意义。论文采用文献分析法总结得出应统一使用剖面构型,总结出其概念为土壤发生层排列次序不同质地土层排列情况。采用土壤发生层排列次序表示方法可以将剖面构型类型可分为简单剖面和复杂剖面;运用不同质地土层排列次序表示方法剖面构型类型划分结果为均质型、夹层型和垫底型。论文从宏观和微观两个方面研究了土壤剖面构型与耕地质量关系:宏观上分析了土壤剖面构型与土壤肥力、植物生长以及与耕地等级评价因素关系;微观方面研究了均质型和夹层型剖面构型土壤水分布特征和运动特性。在土壤剖面构型类型研究基础上,本文提出剖面构型改良内涵和原则。并归纳总结剖面构型改良方法有:客土改良法、引洪漫淤法、有机物料回填法、机械改土法以及土壤剖面重构法。详细阐释每种剖面构型改良方法原理、流程及适用改良剖面构型类型。论文借鉴农用地分等理论,介绍了土壤剖面构型改良前后耕地自然质量评价方法。本文选择吉林省农安县为情景分析,以农安县农用地分等补充完善成果为基础,分析农安县土壤剖面构型类型及其相应耕地质量,提出不良剖面构型改良方法,构建农安县耕地自然质量评价指标体系并确定评价相关参数。农安县砂质类剖面构型改良方法为客土改良法、机械改土法和有机物料回填法;粘质类剖面构型改良方法为客土改良法、引洪漫淤法、有机物料回填法、机械改土法和土壤剖面重构法。农安县剖面构型改良后耕地自然质量评价结果为:耕地自然质量提升1个等别:11等地提升到10等,10等地提升到9等。论文主要研究结论为剖面构型对耕地质量有重要影响,与耕地质量等级因素显著相关。对不良剖面构型实施改良措施确实能达到提升耕地质量目标。
[Abstract]:The national cultivated land quality evaluation results show that the status quo of cultivated land quality in China is on the low side.As an important factor affecting cultivated land quality, soil profile configuration has been neglected in land regulation.The configuration of soil profile not only reflects the internal conditions and external environment of soil formation, but also reflects the fertility and productive performance of cultivated soil.It is of great significance to study the methods of improving the profile configuration of different types of sections for improving the quality of cultivated land.The paper concludes that the profile configuration should be used uniformly by literature analysis, and concludes that the concept is the arrangement of soil layers with different textures.The profile configuration types can be divided into simple section and complex section by using the method of the sequence representation of the occurrence layer of the soil, and the results of the section configuration type are homogeneous type, intercalation type and bottom type by using the different texture soil layer arrangement sequence representation method.The relationship between soil profile configuration and cultivated land quality was studied from macro and micro aspects: the relationship between soil profile configuration and soil fertility plant growth and cultivated land grade evaluation was analyzed macroscopically.The soil moisture distribution and movement characteristics of homogeneous and intercalated profile configurations were studied in microscopic aspect.Based on the study of soil profile type, this paper puts forward the connotation and principle of profile configuration improvement.The improvement methods of profile configuration are summarized as follows: soil improvement method, flood diversion method, organic material backfill method, mechanical soil modification method and soil profile reconstruction method.Explain in detail the principle of each section configuration improvement method, flow chart and suitable profile configuration type.Based on the theory of agricultural land classification, this paper introduces the evaluation methods of cultivated land quality before and after soil profile configuration improvement.In this paper, Nong'an County of Jilin Province is selected as scene analysis. Based on the results of agricultural land classification and improvement in Nong'an County, the soil profile configuration types and the corresponding cultivated land quality in Nong'an County are analyzed, and the improvement methods of bad profile configuration are put forward.The evaluation index system of farmland natural quality in Nong'an County was constructed and the evaluation parameters were determined.In Nong'an County, the methods of improving the profile of sand type are soil improvement, mechanical soil modification and organic material backfilling, while the clay profile is improved by Hakka soil, flood diversion and silting, organic material backfilling, etc.Mechanical modification method and soil profile reconstruction method.The results of evaluation of cultivated land natural quality after profile modification in Nong'an County were as follows: the natural quality of cultivated land was promoted from 1 equal to 10 and 10 to 9 and so on.The main conclusion of this paper is that the profile configuration has an important influence on cultivated land quality, and is significantly related to cultivated land quality grade factors.The improvement measures of bad profile configuration can really achieve the goal of improving cultivated land quality.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S156

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