水肥运筹对镉污染土壤微生物学特性—及作物Cd吸收的影响

发布时间：2018-04-16 09:13

本文选题：水肥运筹 + 镉污染　；参考：《广西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：为探究镉(Cd)污染土壤的作物安全生产的水肥管理措施,通过盆栽试验,研究了不同水肥处理对Cd污染土壤微生物学特性、作物生长和Cd吸收的影响。主要研究结果如下：(1)玉米移栽后60d,高Cd (2mg·kg-1)条件下,施肥(N 0.25 g·kg-1. P2O5 0.1 g·kg-1、K2O 0.15 g·kg-1)配合中量水交灌(75%的常规灌溉用水量)的玉米长势最好,Cd吸收量最低。(2)小白菜收获时,低Cd (1 mg·kg-1)条件下,常灌和高氮(0.3 g.kg-1)处理小白菜产量最高,Cd吸收量较低,提高土壤呼吸作用。在高Cd (3 mg·kg-1)条件下,交灌(70%)和常氮(O.15 g-kg-1)处理小白菜产量最高,Cd吸收量较低,脲酶、中性磷酸酶活性和微生物量碳都较高。(3)Cd(2 mg·kg-1)污染土壤中,施N 0.105 g·kg-1、P2O5 0.07 g·kg-1和K2O0.105g.kg-1和生物肥0.98 g·kg-1配合交灌处理小白菜产量较高以及Cd吸收总量最低,且蔗糖酶和脲酶活性提高。(4)通过比较,Cd污染土壤中,施用N 0.35 g·kg-1、P2O5 0.1g·kg-1和K2O0.15g.kgq和交灌(70%)处理小白菜产量最高,Cd吸收量相对较低,土壤蔗糖酶活性较高和呼吸作用较强。综上所述,施N 0.35 g·kg-1、P2O5 0.1 g·kg-1和K2O 0.15g·kg-1和交灌(70%)处理小白菜产量最大,镉含量减少以及土壤微生物特性有所改善,研究结果为镉污染土壤的作物安全生产的水肥管理提供参考。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the water and fertilizer management measures for the safe production of cadmium and cadmium (CD) contaminated soil, the effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on the microbiological characteristics, crop growth and CD uptake of CD contaminated soil were studied through pot experiments.The main results were as follows: (1) under the conditions of 60 days after transplanting and 2 mg / kg of CD + +, the fertilization rate of N was 0.25 g / kg ~ (-1).P2O5 0.1 g 路kg ~ (-1) K _ 2O _ (0.15 g 路kg ~ (-1)) combined with 75% of conventional irrigation water) corn growth was the best and CD uptake was the lowest. (1 mg 路kg ~ (-1) CD) at harvest time, the highest CD uptake under normal irrigation and high nitrogen (0.3 g 路kg ~ (-1)) treatment was lower than that under normal irrigation.Improve soil respiration.Under the condition of high CD ~ (3 mg 路kg ~ (-1)), cross irrigation (70) and normal nitrogen (0.15 g 路kg ~ (-1))), the highest uptake of CD in pakchoi was lower, and the activities of urease, neutral phosphatase and microbial biomass carbon were all higher than that in the soil polluted with 2 mg / kg ~ (-1) of CD ~ (2 +).Application of N 0.105 g 路kg ~ (-1) P _ 2O _ 5 0.07 g kg-1 and K2O0.105g.kg-1 and bio-fertilizer 0.98 g kg-1 combined with irrigation treatment of pakchoi had higher yield and lowest total CD uptake, and increased activity of sucrase and urease.Application of N 0.35 g 路kg ~ (-1) P _ 2O _ 5 0.1 g kg-1 and K2O0.15g.kgq and cross irrigation 70) the highest yield of pakchoi yield CD uptake was relatively low, soil sucrase activity was higher and respiration was stronger.To sum up, the yield of pakchoi was the largest, the cadmium content was decreased and the soil microbial characteristics were improved by applying N 0.35g / kg P2O5 0.1 g kg-1 and K2O 0.15g kg-1 and cross irrigation 70). The results provided a reference for the management of water and fertilizer in the safe production of crops contaminated with cadmium.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S154.3;X53

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