宁夏酿酒葡萄越冬期冻害气象指标及应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 11:21

本文选题：宁夏 + 酿酒葡萄　；参考：《南京信息工程大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：宁夏是中国酿酒葡萄生产最佳生态区之一。但由于宁夏的地形及特殊的地理位置,再加上冬季寒潮影响,使葡萄安全越冬受到了一定的威胁,通过研究建立酿酒葡萄综合冻害指数以及对宁夏酿酒葡萄冻害进行风险区划对该区域酿酒葡萄的种植与管理有很强的现实意义,并为促进宁夏酿酒葡萄的发展提供理论基础与指导。本文选取冬季极端最低气温、降温持续的时间、平均最低气温等气象因子作为酿酒葡萄越冬期冻害气象指标。并运用主分量分析方法计算得到酿酒葡萄综合冻害指数,然后采用线性回归、Mann-Kendall检验以及Morlet小波分析方法对综合冻害指标进行分析,最后依据自然灾害风险理论,从孕灾环境敏感性、致灾因子危险性、承灾体脆弱性及防灾减灾能力四个方面进行分析,最后对宁夏酿酒葡萄越冬期冻害风险开展评估和区划,并结合2015-2016年度在宁夏永宁县闽宁镇玉泉营葡萄基地和原隆村开展的酿酒葡萄冻害实验结果加以讨论,得到如下结论:1.冻害指数越低,酿酒葡萄发生冻害越严重。分析确定了 0为宁夏酿酒葡萄冻害的临界指标。近55a以来葡萄冻害指数有一定上升趋势,综合冻害指数年代际变化以25～30a的周期信号明显,年代变化上在5a和10-15a的周期信号上也较明显。2.永宁县冻害实验地点的气温与地温之间存在显著性水平的相关。试验结果表明,为确保宁夏酿酒葡萄安全越冬,必须要使下架葡萄的覆土深度大于40cm,使根系区域的地温大于-5℃。3.宁夏的西吉县中部、盐池县、陶乐县、固原市原州区、惠农县和平罗县的部分地区属于综合冻害高风险以及次高风险区域;宁夏北部地区的永宁县、银川市郊区、贺兰县、灵武市,宁夏中部地区的中卫和同心的东部,宁夏南部地区的彭阳和泾源部分地区处于综合冻害中级风险区;宁夏其余地区处于低和次低级别的风险区,并主要集中在宁夏中部地区。评估与区划结果表明:宁夏酿酒葡萄越冬期冻害风险评估模型比较客观,较全面地反映出该区域的冻害风险水平。
[Abstract]:Ningxia is one of the best wine grape production China ecological zone. But due to the topography of Ningxia and the special geographical location, coupled with the impact of the cold winter, the winter grape security threat, and pass the research to establish comprehensive freezing index and wine grape of Ningxia wine grape frost risk division has a strong practical significance and cultivation the management of the regional wine grape, and provide a theoretical basis and guidance for promoting the development of Ningxia wine grape. The extreme winter minimum temperature, cooling duration, average minimum temperature of gas like factor as freezing weather index during winter grapes. And using the calculated index of grape comprehensive freezing method of principal component analysis then the linear regression method, carries on the analysis to the comprehensive disaster indices of Mann-Kendall test and Morlet wavelet analysis, finally, according to the natural From the theory of disaster risk, disaster environmental sensitivity, hazard risk, vulnerability and disaster prevention and mitigation capacity of four aspects of analysis, the final of the Ningxia wine grape winter freezing disaster risk assessment and zoning and carry out, with 2015-2016 year in Ningxia Yongning County of Fujian Ningzhen Yuquanying grape wine grape base and long the experimental results of the village to carry out damage to be discussed, the conclusions are as follows: 1. frost damage index is low, the wine grape freezing injury more serious. The analysis identified 0 Ningxia wine grape freezing critical index. Since the last 55A grape freezing index has a certain upward trend, comprehensive freezing index and interdecadal variation in 25 ~ 30A obvious periodic signal in the change, between air temperature and ground temperature in the periodic signal 5A and 10-15A have obvious.2. Yongning County freezing study sites level exists significant correlation. The test results table In Ming Dynasty, in order to ensure the safety of winter Ningxia wine grape, must make the Overburden Depth under the frame of grapes is greater than 40cm, the temperature is greater than the central root zone, Xiji County -5 C.3. Ningxia Yanchi County, Taole County, Yuanzhou District of Guyuan City, part of Huinong County peace Luo County belongs to the high risk and comprehensive damage high risk area; Ningxia northern suburb of Yinchuan City, Yongning County, Helan County, Lingwu City, Ningxia central defender and concentric Eastern, southern Ningxia and Pengyang Jingyuan in some areas in the comprehensive freezing medium risk area; the rest of Ningxia is low and low risk level regions, and mainly concentrated in the central area of Ningxia. The results show that the evaluation and regionalization of Ningxia wine grape winter frost risk assessment model objectively, comprehensively reflects the level of the region. The risk of freezing injury

【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S663.1;S426

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