不同植被下降雨类型对红壤坡地土壤侵蚀特征的影响

发布时间：2018-04-22 00:10

本文选题：水土流失 + 红壤坡面　；参考：《水土保持研究》2017年02期

【摘要】：根据武汉市蔡甸区西湖流域径流小区记录的146场次降雨资料,研究了植被类型和降雨类型对红壤坡面产流量与土壤侵蚀量的影响。基于K均值分类,将当地降雨划分为A型降雨(中雨量、弱雨强、长历时和高频次)、B型降雨(极大雨量、极强雨强、短历时和低频次)、C型降雨(大雨量,强雨强、中等历时和低频次)和D型降雨(小雨量,弱雨强、短历时和高频次)四种雨型。发现裸地与果林地的产流输沙量大,水沙关系稳定,水土保持能力在各类侵蚀性降雨下均较弱,A雨型和C雨型是导致此类坡面土壤侵蚀的主要雨型。阔叶林、针叶林、牧草地和草坪地坡面的产流输沙量小,水沙关系不稳定,植被的水土保持能力总体较强,但是在B雨型下偏弱,B雨型和C雨型是导致此类坡面土壤侵蚀的主要雨型。
[Abstract]:Based on 146 rainfall events recorded in runoff plot of West Lake Basin in Caidian District, Wuhan City, the effects of vegetation type and rainfall type on runoff and soil erosion on red soil slope were studied. Based on the classification of K-means, the local rainfall is divided into A type rainfall (moderate rainfall, weak rain intensity, long duration rainfall and high frequency rainfall) (maximum rainfall, extremely heavy rainfall, short duration rainfall and low frequency rainfall). Moderate duration and low frequency) and D type rainfall (small rainfall, weak rain intensity, short duration and high frequency) four types of rain patterns. It is found that the runoff and sediment yield of bare land and fruit forest land are large, the relationship between water and sediment is stable, and the soil and water conservation capacity is weaker than that of C rain type and weak A rain type under various kinds of erosive rainfall, which is the main rain type leading to this kind of slope soil erosion. The runoff and sediment yield of broadleaved forest, coniferous forest, forage land and lawn slope are small, the relationship between water and sediment is unstable, and the soil and water conservation ability of vegetation is relatively strong. But weak B rain and C rain are the main types of rain that lead to soil erosion in this kind of slope.
【作者单位】：华中师范大学地理过程分析与模拟湖北省重点实验室;长江水利委员会水土保持监测中心站;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;蔡甸区水土保持站;
【基金】：华中师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目(CCNU16JCZX09) 武汉市蔡甸区水务局西湖流域水土保持科技示范园科技支撑项目(2014040501) 嘉陵江上中游国家重点防治区水土流失动态监测遥感解译技术服务(YZJ2016-016)
【分类号】：S157.1

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