农村供水工程系统协同优化研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 22:03

本文选题：农村供水工程 + 水厂选址　；参考：《天津大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：农村供水工程是我国一项重要的民生工程,国家“十二五”期间安排了1600亿-1700亿左右的资金,来解决2.98亿农村人口和11.4万所农村学校的饮水安全问题。农村供水工程是一个复杂的系统工程,如何通过规划设计阶段的供水工程系统协同优化,使供水设施布局更合理、管网优化、水资源得以合理利用,真正发挥国家对农村供水工程投资的经济效益和社会效益,是一个值得研究的课题。论文结合农村供水工程特点,通过文献和理论的梳理,将水厂地址备选方案择优,水厂管网嵌套优化和区域供水模式的系统协同优化作为供水工程系统协同优化问题的重要研究内容,课题的主要研究内容和创新性工作如下:首先,针对现有选址初选方案评价方法的主观局限性,基于模糊软集改进了水厂备选地址的择优方法。根据农村供水工程的实际特点,建立影响水厂选址的属性集,包括技术属性集、环境影响属性集和社会发展性集,充分考虑坡度、海拔、水质、生态等影响因素,采用半梯形函数确定指标在不同评价集中的隶属程度,评价融合了多个评价者的评价信息从而获得综合评判,案例分析结果证实了方法的有效性。其次,针对农村供水工程的特点,研究经济供水半径与水厂选址嵌套优化问题。利用集合覆盖模型确定净水厂的覆盖半径时,考虑由地形产生的水头损失对管网经济半径的影响,结合投资效益和管网优化理论对净水厂的最佳供水半径进行分析,先优化管网布局,求解经济水厂覆盖半径,实现管网优化模型与水厂选址模型的嵌套。引入费用现值最小模型,对选址问题进行二次优化,获得最佳的选址结果。管网优化模型与水厂选址模型的嵌套弥补以决策者先验经验为决策基础的不足,更具有理论性和实用性。最后,研究了区域供水模式下的农村供水系统分解-协调模型和算法。对农村供水工程的递阶结构进行分析,根据分解-协调原理以区域供水系统工程建设费用现值最小为目标,构建农村区域性供水的水厂求解问题决策模型。指出系统协同优化模型实质上是在相应约束条件下寻找一个表示水源至水厂的供水量的n×m维数组和一个水厂至用水点的供水量的m×k维数组,同时确定出水源点及水厂点的位置、数量、供水范围及供水规模的组合最优化,即是在复杂约束条件下的寻找子系统最优和大系统最优的组合优化过程。采用改进微粒群算法对进行求解,实际案例分析说明改进微粒群算法对本问题的求解比传统微粒群算法具有更好的收敛性和稳定性。
[Abstract]:The rural water supply project is an important project of people's livelihood in our country. During the 12th Five-Year Plan, about 160 billion to 170 billion funds were allocated to solve the problem of drinking water safety of 298 million rural population and 114000 rural schools. The rural water supply project is a complicated system engineering. How to optimize the water supply system in the stage of planning and design, make the distribution of water supply facilities more reasonable, optimize the pipe network, and make rational use of water resources. It is worth studying to give full play to the economic and social benefits of the country's investment in rural water supply projects. Combining with the characteristics of rural water supply project, the paper combs the literature and theory, and selects the water plant address alternative scheme. The nesting optimization of water plant pipe network and the system cooperative optimization of regional water supply mode are the important research contents of water supply engineering system coordination optimization. The main research contents and innovative work are as follows: first of all, In view of the subjective limitation of the existing methods for evaluating the primary site selection schemes, the optimal selection method of water plant alternative addresses is improved based on fuzzy soft sets. According to the actual characteristics of rural water supply project, the attribute set of water plant location is established, including technical attribute set, environmental impact attribute set and social development set, which fully consider the influence factors such as slope, altitude, water quality, ecology and so on. The semi-trapezoid function is used to determine the degree of membership of the index in different evaluation sets, and the evaluation integrates the evaluation information of multiple evaluators to obtain comprehensive evaluation. The results of case analysis prove the effectiveness of the method. Secondly, according to the characteristics of rural water supply project, the optimization of economic water supply radius and water plant location nesting is studied. When the coverage radius of water purification plant is determined by using the set coverage model, the influence of the loss of water head caused by topography on the economic radius of the pipe network is considered, and the optimal water supply radius of the water purification plant is analyzed with the combination of investment benefit and pipe network optimization theory. First, the distribution of pipe network is optimized, the coverage radius of economic water plant is solved, and the nesting of optimal pipe network model and water plant location model is realized. In this paper, the cost present value model is introduced to optimize the location problem and obtain the best location result. The nesting of pipe network optimization model and water plant location model is more theoretical and practical because it is based on the prior experience of decision makers. Finally, the decomposition-coordination model and algorithm of rural water supply system under regional water supply mode are studied. The hierarchical structure of rural water supply project is analyzed. According to the principle of decomposition-coordination, the minimum present value of construction cost of regional water supply system is taken as the goal, and a decision model for solving the problem of rural regional water supply plant is constructed. It is pointed out that the system cooperative optimization model is essentially to find an n 脳 m dimensional array representing the water supply from the source to the water plant and m 脳 k dimensional array of the water supply from the water plant to the water point under the corresponding constraints, and to determine the location of the water source point and the water plant point at the same time. The combinatorial optimization of quantity, water supply range and water supply scale is the process of searching for the optimization of subsystems and large systems under complex constraints. The improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the problem. The practical case analysis shows that the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm has better convergence and stability than the traditional particle swarm optimization algorithm.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.213

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