京津冀秸秆养分资源及秸秆焚烧气体污染物排放定量估算

发布时间：2018-04-27 16:13

本文选题：秸秆 + 养分　；参考：《农业工程学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：为推动区域农作物秸秆综合利用,减少秸秆露天焚烧气体对环境的影响,以京津冀地区为研究对象,评估分析了各类农作物秸秆资源产生、利用状况及其应用潜力,并定量估算了该地区主要农作物秸秆露天焚烧气体污染物排放特征。结果表明,2012年京津冀地区农作物秸秆资源总产量为5 406.9万t,秸秆中氮、磷、钾养分资源总量分别达到3.7×10~4、7.4×10~4、1.0×10~6 t。秸秆资源化利用方式主要以还田为主,北京市、天津市、河北省还田量分别占秸秆量的67.7%、27.3%和61.2%。秸秆露天焚烧主要以小麦和玉米秸秆为主,占田间秸秆焚烧总量的93.03%,焚烧排放的污染物总量分别达到1.0×10~6和4.8×10~5 t。基于京津冀地区秸秆利用现状,建议因地制宜地推动秸秆全量化利用,并在秸秆还田机制、离田利用机制、组织管理机制、技术研发机制等方面出台系统配套的政策措施,以期为中国不同区域秸秆资源的科学利用提供参考。
[Abstract]:In order to promote the comprehensive utilization of crop straw in the region and reduce the influence of the air on the environment, the production of various crop straw resources, the utilization status and its application potential were evaluated and analyzed. The characteristics of the emission characteristics of the air pollutants from the main agricultural straw in the area were estimated. The results show that the total crop straw resources in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei region in 2012 are 54 million 69 thousand T, the total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the straw is 3.7 * 10~4,7.4 * 10~4,1.0 x 10~6 T. straw resource utilization method mainly to return to the field, and the amount of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province accounts for 67.7%, 27.3% and 61.2%. straw respectively. The main incineration was wheat and corn stalk, which accounted for 93.03% of the total amount of straw burning in the field. The total amount of pollutants discharged by incineration reached 1 * 10~6 and 4.8 * 10~5 T. respectively based on the status of straw utilization in Beijing Tianjin Hebei region. It was suggested that the total straw utilization should be promoted in the local conditions, and the mechanism of returning field, the mechanism of field utilization and the organization and management mechanism were also proposed. In order to provide reference for scientific utilization of straw resources in different regions of China, policies and measures are systematically introduced.

【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学农学院;农业部农业生态与资源保护总站;农业部环境保护科研监测所;南京农业大学农学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51576167) 国家社会科学基金(16CGL039)
【分类号】：X712;S38

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