不同含盐量土壤盐分对蒸发的影响试验研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 12:11

本文选题：盐渍土 + 含盐量　；参考：《土壤通报》2016年01期

【摘要】：土壤地表蒸发是一个复杂的过程,它的正常进行受到诸多因素的影响,其中土壤盐分是蒸发的主要影响因素之一。以内蒙古河套灌区永联试验站含盐土壤为例,通过室内试验盐分含量分别为0.2%、0.6%、1.0%、5.0%的土壤水分、盐分的变化以及对蒸发的影响进行了分析。试验结果表明:实验进行的初始阶段土壤剖面中含水率变化是比较显著,地下水补给对土壤蒸发的影响较大,实验持续到第15天之后随着土壤含水率的稳定变化,土壤蒸发量慢慢下降,这个时间段土壤水分迁移主要被土壤盐分控制。实验开始的前一段时间土壤水分对盐分的影响不太明显,实验持续到15天之后,尤其是,土壤表层形成盐壳之后,土壤水分对含盐量的影响以及盐分对水分的相应反馈比较明显。同一个时间来看,盐分含量高的土壤水分比较低。不同盐分含量的土壤中随着含盐量的增加,土壤蒸发速率减小。通过分析可知土壤含盐量与蒸发量具有很好的相关性,盐分越高,相关性越好。
[Abstract]:Soil surface evaporation is a complex process, and its normal process is affected by many factors, among which soil salt is one of the main influencing factors. Taking the salt-bearing soil of Yonglian Experimental Station in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia as an example, the effects of salt content on evaporation and soil water content of 0.2%, 0.6% and 1.0% were analyzed. The results showed that the change of moisture content in soil profile was significant in the initial stage of the experiment, and the effect of groundwater recharge on soil evaporation was great. The experiment lasted until the 15th day and changed steadily with the soil moisture content. Soil evaporation decreased slowly, and soil moisture migration was mainly controlled by soil salinity. The effect of soil moisture on salt was not obvious at the beginning of the experiment, which lasted until 15 days later, especially after the formation of salt crust on the surface of the soil. The effect of soil moisture on salt content and the corresponding feedback of salt on water content were obvious. At the same time, soil moisture with high salt content is relatively low. The evaporation rate of soil decreases with the increase of salt content. Through the analysis, we can know that there is a good correlation between soil salt content and evaporation, the higher the salt content, the better the correlation.
【作者单位】：新疆大学资源与环境科学学院;新疆大学绿洲生态教育部重点实验室;武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室;埃希施塔特-因戈尔施塔特大学数学与地理系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51379151,51279142) 新疆大学博士生科技创新项目(XJUBSCX-2013009) 新疆绿洲生态(教育部省部共建)重点实验室开放课题(XJDX0201-2013-06)资助
【分类号】：S152.73

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