腐熟紫茎泽兰对土壤细菌、养分和辣椒产量品质的影响

发布时间：2018-05-06 08:53

本文选题：紫茎泽兰 + 腐熟　；参考：《微生物学报》2017年02期

【摘要】：【目的】紫茎泽兰(Ageratina adenophora)内含对微生物、植物和动物有毒的化学物质,列为我国危害最严重的外侵植物,评价腐熟紫茎泽兰对土壤微生物和作物的毒性,有益于无害化处理生产有机肥。【方法】利用微生物菌剂腐熟紫茎泽兰,田间设置不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(CF)、单施紫茎泽兰有机肥(OF)、化肥配施紫茎泽兰有机肥(50%化肥+50%紫茎泽兰有机肥,CF+OF)等4种施肥处理,研究了紫茎泽兰有机肥对土壤细菌、养分和辣椒产量品质等的影响。【结果】在施用OF的土壤中,微生物碳氮高于CF、OF和CF+OF提高细菌群落的多样性指数,CF增加优势度指数。在4种施肥处理的土壤中,酸杆菌门和变形菌门均为优势门类,丰富度合计超过50%;在20种优势菌株中,有7株细菌普遍存在,6 8株细菌单独存在于不同处理土壤中。此外,在辣椒初果期,CF土壤中的有效养分含量较高;但至末果期,CF+OF处理的有效磷钾显著高于CF,碱解氮CF+OF与CF相似。施用CF+OF使辣椒吸收了较多的氮、磷、钾,辣椒产量比CF增加14.42%,并使果实游离氨基酸和维生素C含量提高,硝酸盐含量降低。【结论】紫茎泽兰有机肥兼具供肥改土作用,能提高土壤微生物生物量,丰富土壤细菌种群,增加辣椒产量,改善果实品质。
[Abstract]:[objective] Ageratina adenophora (Ageratina adenophora), which contains toxic chemicals to microorganisms, plants and animals, is listed as the most serious invasive plant in China, and to evaluate the toxicity of Ageratina adenophora to soil microorganisms and crops. It is beneficial to the production of organic fertilizer by innocuous treatment. Four kinds of fertilization treatments were set up in the field, such as no fertilization, single application of chemical fertilizer CFN, single application of OFN, 50% chemical fertilizer of 50% organic fertilizer, 50% organic fertilizer of Eupatorium purpurea and 50% organic fertilizer of CF-OF. the effect of organic fertilizer on soil bacteria was studied. Effects of nutrients and yield and quality of Pepper. [results] in soil applying of ofs, microbial carbon and nitrogen increased the diversity index of bacterial community and increased the dominance index of bacterial community than CFOF and CFOF. The acidobacterium phylum and Proteus phylum were dominant in the soil of four fertilization treatments, and the total richness was more than 50. Among the 20 dominant strains, 6 or 8 strains of bacteria were found in the soil under different treatments. In addition, the content of available nutrients was higher in the soil of capsicum at the initial fruiting stage, but the available phosphorus and potassium were significantly higher than that in the CFOF treatment at the end of the fruit stage, and the alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen CF of CF of the soil was similar to that of CF. The application of CF of can increase the yield of capsicum by 14.42% than CF, increase the content of free amino acid and vitamin C, and decrease the content of nitrate. [conclusion] the organic fertilizer has the function of fertilizer and soil improvement. It can increase soil microbial biomass, enrich soil bacterial population, increase pepper yield and improve fruit quality.
【作者单位】：西南大学资源环境学院;四川省凉山州烟草公司;
【基金】：国家“973项目”(2013CB127405) 四川省凉山州烟草公司科技项目(2014-01)~~
【分类号】：S154.3;S641.3;S158

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