基于USLE模型的重庆生态涵养发展区土壤侵蚀量估算

发布时间：2018-05-10 10:14

本文选题：土壤侵蚀量 + USLE模型　；参考：《水土保持研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：利用USLE模型估算渝东北生态涵养发展区土壤侵蚀量,并对研究区土壤侵蚀强度进行分级,以此为基础进一步分析不同降雨侵蚀力、坡度、土壤类型下的土壤侵蚀强度分布特征。结果表明:本研究区土壤侵蚀量大致呈东北向西南递减的趋势,东部山地土壤受侵蚀最严重,西部山间丘陵地带土壤侵蚀量相对较小,研究区平均土壤侵蚀模数为30.15t/(hm~2·a),土壤侵蚀量为10 220.85万t/a。研究区各区县土壤侵蚀分布情况可划分为三类:(1)重点预防保护区。土壤侵蚀以微度和轻度侵蚀为主,林草覆盖度较高,但有水土流失加剧的危险,代表区县是忠县、梁平、垫江;(2)重点监督区。土壤侵蚀以中度和强度侵蚀为主,土壤侵蚀相对严重,代表区县为云阳、万州、巫山、奉节、丰都;(3)重点治理区。土壤侵蚀以极强度和剧烈侵蚀为主,土壤侵蚀最严重,代表区县为巫溪、开县、城口。降雨侵蚀力为3 000~4 000(MJ·mm)/(hm~2·h·a),坡度在25°以上,土壤为石灰土、紫色土或黄褐土的地区,土壤侵蚀以强度、极强度和剧烈侵蚀为主,是水土流失治理的重点。
[Abstract]:The USLE model was used to estimate the soil erosion in the ecological conservation and development area of northeast Chongqing, and the soil erosion intensity in the study area was classified. Based on this model, the distribution characteristics of soil erosion intensity under different rainfall erosivity, slope and soil type were further analyzed. The results showed that the amount of soil erosion was decreasing from northeast to southwest, the soil erosion was the most serious in the eastern mountainous region, and the amount of soil erosion in the western hilly region was relatively small. The average soil erosion modulus of the study area is 30.15t/(hm~2 a, and the soil erosion amount is 10 2.2085 million t / a. The distribution of soil erosion in each county can be divided into three categories: 1) key prevention reserve. The soil erosion was mainly micro-erosion and slight erosion, and the coverage of forest and grass was high, but there was a danger of soil erosion. The representative counties were Zhongxian County, Liangping area and Shuijiang No. 2) area. The main soil erosion is moderate and intensity erosion, and the soil erosion is relatively serious. The representative counties are Yunyang, Wanzhou, Wushan, Fengjie and Fengdu. Soil erosion is dominated by extreme intensity and intense erosion, with the most serious soil erosion, represented by Wuxi, Kaixian and Chengkou. The rainfall erosivity is 3 000 ~ 4 000(MJ mm)/(hm~2 / h ~ (-1), the slope is above 25 掳, and the soil is lime soil, purple soil or yellow cinnamon soil. The soil erosion intensity, extreme intensity and severe erosion are the main points of soil erosion control.
【作者单位】：重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院;三峡库区地表过程与环境遥感重庆市重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41471234) 重庆市基础与前沿研究计划项目(cstc2015jcyjBX0141) 重庆市自然科学资助项目(CSTC,2010BB0326) 重庆市教委社科项目(08JWSK043) 重庆师范大学博士资助项目(05XLB)
【分类号】：S157.1

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