连续施用保水材料对旱作条件下土壤特性及燕麦生长的影响

发布时间：2018-05-11 18:31

本文选题：保水材料 + 土壤含水量　；参考：《生态学报》2017年17期

【摘要】：以坝莜一号为材料,研究连续4a施用保水材料聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)与聚丙烯酸钾(PAM-K),对旱作农田不同土层土壤微生物量变化与相应土层土壤含水量、容重、电导率、养分及燕麦生长的影响。结果表明,旱区农田施用PAM-K和PAM的微生态效应存在时空差异,以连续施用4a效果最佳,其大小顺序表现为连续施用4a施用3a2a1a对照。连续施用4a PAM-K和PAM,0—60 cm土层土壤含水量平均增加了27.18%和34.40%;土壤容重、土壤电导率分别平均降低了2.33%和6.64%、29.50%和22.70%;相对显著增加了耕层土壤养分(有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾)含量;土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷增幅平均达24.11%、31.89%、46.52%和69.96%、35.21%、52.70%,尤其是连续施用4a PAM,10—20cm土层土壤微生物量氮增幅达98.95%及0—10cm、20—40cm土层土壤微生物生物量碳和土壤微生物量磷的增加最明显,增幅分别达31.13%和74.49%、62.27%和49.91%。连续施用4a PAM-K和PAM,植株鲜重、干重、株高、籽粒产量,分别增加了90.53%和146.91%、101.56%和128.13%、33.67%和76.39%、19.27%和22.40%。可见,连续多年施用PAM-K和PAM对施入层(0—20 cm)和近施入层(20—40 cm)改善效果显著;PAM对旱区土壤的适宜性优于PAM-K,可改善土壤质量,提高作物产量。
[Abstract]:The effects of PAM and PAM-KN on soil microbial biomass and soil moisture content, bulk density and electrical conductivity of different soil layers in dry farming were studied. Effects of nutrients and growth of oats. The results showed that the microecological effects of PAM-K and PAM on farmland were different in time and space. The best effect was the continuous application of 3a2a1a for 4 years, and the order of application was continuous application of 3a2a1a for 4 years. The soil moisture content increased by 27.18% and 34.40%, the soil bulk density and soil conductivity decreased by 2.33% and 6.64% 29.50% and 22.70%, respectively, and the soil nutrients (organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus) were significantly increased after continuous application of PAM-K and PAM in 0-60 cm soil layer for 4 years, and the average soil water content increased by 27.18% and 34.40%, respectively, and the soil electrical conductivity decreased by 2.33% and 6.64% 29.50% and 22.70%, respectively. Available potassium) content; soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, The average increase of phosphorus was 24.116.52% and 69.96% respectively, especially the increase of soil microbial biomass nitrogen was 98.95% and 0-10 cm ~ (20) cm ~ (20 ~ 40 cm) soil microbial biomass carbon and soil microbial biomass phosphorus increased by 31.13% and 74.4962.27% and 49.91%, respectively. The plant fresh weight, dry weight, plant height and grain yield increased by 90.53% and 146.91%, 101.56% and 128.13%, 33.67% and 76.399.27% and 22.40%, respectively. It can be seen that the application of PAM-K and PAM for many years can improve soil quality and crop yield by improving the suitability of PAM-K and PAM to soil in arid area.
【作者单位】：内蒙古农业大学内蒙古杂粮工程技术研究中心;内蒙古大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31160267) 国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2015BAD22B04) 全国农业科研杰出人才及其创新团队内蒙古自治区燕麦种质资源创新与利用科技创新团队(20140401) 国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-08-B-5)资助
【分类号】：S151.9;S512.6

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