一株玉米根际多功能促生菌的筛选鉴定及效应研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 17:46

本文选题：根际促生菌 + 固氮　；参考：《生物技术通报》2016年08期

【摘要】：从郑州市砂质潮土中分离纯化出5株玉米根际促生菌,通过测定其固氮酶活性、解磷能力、解钾能力以及吲哚乙酸(IAA)合成量,筛选出能够制作高效微生物肥料的活性菌剂。摇瓶结果表明,菌株YM4具有较高的固氮酶活性,溶解无机磷、钾的能力较强,合成IAA的能力最强。其中固氮酶活性达到15.53 nmol C_2H_4/(h·m L),对磷酸三钙、难溶性硅酸钾的溶磷量和溶钾量分别达到128.90 mg/L和17.40 mg/L,IAA的合成量为37.18 mg/L。经形态观察、部分生理生化特征测定及16S rDNA的保守序列鉴定,确定该菌株为短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)。盆栽试验结果表明,与对照组相比,接种该菌株的盆栽土壤中IAA、矿质氮、速效磷、速效钾含量分别提高了136.36%、42.1%、67.41%和14.29%;植株根系形态也发生了显著变化,其中根系总长、总面积、总体积、根尖总数分别增加了172.24%、141.73%、112.14%和104.53%;植株鲜重、株高、SPAD值及氮、磷、钾含量分别提高了130.07%、150.65%、151.56%、120.99%、166.33%和138.21%。该菌株具有高效固氮、解磷、解钾及合成IAA的能力,在农业生产的开发利用中具有较大应用潜力。
[Abstract]:Five strains of maize rhizosphere promoting bacteria were isolated and purified from sandy aquic soil of Zhengzhou City. By determining their nitrogen-fixing enzyme activity, phosphorus releasing ability, potassium hydrolysis ability and the synthesis amount of indole-acetic acid (IIA), the active fungicides which could be used to produce high efficiency microbial fertilizer were screened out. The results of shaking flask showed that the strain YM4 had higher nitrogenase activity, stronger ability to dissolve inorganic phosphorus and potassium, and stronger ability to synthesize IAA. The activity of nitrogenase reached 15.53 nmol C_2H_4/(h mL ~ (-1). For tricalcium phosphate and insoluble potassium silicate, the amount of dissolved phosphorus and potassium reached 128.90 mg/L and 17.40 mg / L ~ (-1), respectively, and the amount of synthesis of IAA was 37.18 mg / L. The strain was identified as Bacillus pumilusus by morphological observation, determination of some physiological and biochemical characteristics and conserved sequence identification of 16s rDNA. The results of pot experiment showed that the contents of IAA, mineral nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in potted soil inoculated with the strain increased by 136.366.36%, 67.41% and 14.29%, respectively, and the root system morphology also changed significantly, including the total length and total area of root system. The total volume and total number of root tips increased by 172.24% and 112.14% and 104.53, respectively, and the fresh weight, plant height, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents increased by 130.07% and 130.07%, respectively, and increased by 166.33% and 138.21%, respectively. The strain has the ability of nitrogen fixation, phosphorus release, potassium hydrolysis and IAA synthesis, and has great application potential in the development and utilization of agricultural production.
【作者单位】：河南农业大学资源与环境学院;南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院;山东省土壤肥料总站;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41401274) 河南省教育厅项目(15A210012,14B210025) “十二五”农村领域国家科技计划课题(2012BAD05B0207) 郑州市民生进步科技工程项目(131PCXTD613) 河南省科技攻关计划(国际科技合作)项目(162102410031)
【分类号】：S513;S182

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