基于障碍型冷害损失评估模型推算东北水稻无障碍型冷害终日

发布时间：2018-05-15 04:12

本文选题：粳稻 + 空壳率　；参考：《中国农业气象》2017年08期

【摘要】：利用东北地区35个气象站1981-2012年逐日气象资料和水稻生育期数据,借助水稻障碍型冷害损失评估模型,模拟不同耐寒性粳稻幼穗分化期后逐日空壳率的变化,并以空壳率在80%保证率下不超过生理空壳率(7.62%)的终日作为无障碍型冷害终日(NSCI)。结果显示,东北地区粳稻NSCI大体呈纬向分布规律,随纬度增加而提前;黑龙江省耐寒性较弱、耐寒性较强和耐寒性强3种类型水稻的NSCI分别为7月14、17和22日,吉林省分别为7月18、21和25日,辽宁省分别为7月28日、8月4日和8月10日;近30a东北地区水稻NSCI年际波动较大,1981-2000年,NSCI没有明显变化趋势,以年际波动为主;2001-2012年,部分地区NSCI呈现显著延迟的趋势;NSCI前后30d及实际抽穗期前后30d低温冷害发生次数和强度的对比分析表明,参考模型推算的NSCI安排水稻生产,可以有效减轻水稻孕穗-灌浆结实期低温冷害的影响,说明由模型推算的不同耐寒性水稻安全齐穗期对保障东北水稻安全生产具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:The daily meteorological data of 35 meteorological stations in Northeast China and the data of rice growth period from 1981 to 2012 were used to simulate the change of hollow-shell rate after panicle differentiation of japonica rice with different cold tolerance. Under the guarantee rate of 80%, the empty shell rate was not more than the physiological shell rate of 7.622.It was used as the non-barrier chilling injury all day. The results showed that the distribution pattern of japonica rice NSCI in Northeast China was zonal, and the NSCI of three types of rice in Heilongjiang Province was 14 ~ 17 and 22 July, respectively, which was weak in cold tolerance, strong in cold tolerance and strong in cold tolerance. In Jilin Province, July 18, 21 and 25, Liaoning Province, July 28, August 4, and August 10, respectively. In recent 30 years, there was no obvious change trend of rice NSCI in Northeast China during 1981-2000, and the interannual fluctuation was dominant in 2001-2012. In some areas, the trend of significant delay in NSCI was observed. The frequency and intensity of low temperature chilling injury occurred before and after 30 days of NSCI and 30 days after actual heading date were compared with each other. The results showed that the NSCI calculated by reference model arranged rice production. It can effectively reduce the effect of low temperature chilling damage in booting and grain filling stage of rice. It shows that the safe full heading stage of different cold tolerance rice calculated from the model has certain reference value to ensure the safety of rice production in Northeast China.
【作者单位】：南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/江苏省农业气象重点实验室;94592部队气象台;黑龙江省气象科学研究所;中国气象局;
【基金】：国家公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306036;GYHY201306035;GYHY201506055) 国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD32B01) 江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)
【分类号】：S426;S511

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