农药除草剂类环境有机污染物降解行为研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 10:04

本文选题：农药 + 烟嘧磺隆　；参考：《齐鲁工业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着农药工业与现代农业的迅猛发展,种类繁多的除草剂被大量施用,与此同时,进入环境水体中的除草剂的数量和种类不断增加,这也必然对生态环境带来一定的污染,同时对自然和人类带来较大的风险。本文选用烟嘧磺隆为典型代表的磺酰脲类农药除草剂作为目标污染物进行降解,通过对比实验、单因素实验等方法研究了烟嘧磺隆影响因素及降解规律,确定了UV-电化学体系的最佳反应条件,对反应过程进行了动力学分析并且根据降解产物推断降解途径。主要内容如下:1)研究了烟嘧磺隆模拟废水在高级氧化法和生物化学体系下的降解过程。在高级氧化法降解烟嘧磺隆的实验中分别应用了电化学、光化学、UV-电化学体系,各体系的降解率分别为63.8%,45.8%,99.1%。实验结果表明高级氧化法对烟嘧磺隆降解均有去除效果,但UV-电化学体系对烟嘧磺隆去除效果最佳。在生物化学体系下,采用了好氧活性污泥法对烟嘧磺隆进行降解,研究了降解过程中温度、反应时间、体系pH值等因素的影响,并通过优化得到了最佳降解率为83.2%,验证了烟嘧磺隆的可生化性。通过两种方法的对比研究,烟嘧磺隆的降解受pH的影响较大,在酸性条件下的降解效率高于中性、碱性条件。2)探讨了烟嘧磺隆UV-电化学降解体系动力学方程,结果表明烟嘧磺隆在UV-电化学的降解过程符合一级动力学,相关系数良好。3)通过对烟嘧磺隆好氧活性污泥体系和UV-电化学体系下的降解产物进行LC-MS鉴定。推断出烟嘧磺隆降解产物M1-M7,在好氧活性污泥和UV-电化学降解体系下得到的产物M1,M3,M4一致。根据烟嘧磺隆降解产物,初步探讨了可能存在的降解途径。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of pesticide industry and modern agriculture, a wide variety of herbicides have been widely used. At the same time, the number and species of herbicides entering the environmental water are increasing, which will inevitably bring some pollution to the ecological environment. At the same time, it brings great risks to nature and human beings. In this paper, nicosulfuron was selected as the typical sulfonylurea pesticide herbicide as the target pollutant for degradation. The influencing factors and degradation rules of niosulfuron were studied by means of comparative experiment and single factor experiment. The optimum reaction conditions of the UV- electrochemical system were determined. The kinetics of the reaction was analyzed and the degradation pathway was deduced from the degradation products. The main contents are as follows: 1) the degradation process of niosulfuron simulated wastewater under advanced oxidation and biochemical system was studied. Electrochemical and photochemical UV- electrochemical systems were used to degrade niosulfuron by advanced oxidation. The degradation rates of each system were 63.8% and 45.8% respectively. The experimental results showed that the degradation of niosulfuron was removed by advanced oxidation method, but the removal efficiency was the best by UV- electrochemical system. In the biochemical system, the aerobic activated sludge process was used to degrade niosulfuron. The effects of temperature, reaction time and pH value of the system on the degradation were studied. The optimum degradation rate was 83.2%, and the biodegradability of nicosulfuron was verified. By comparing the two methods, the degradation of nicosulfuron was greatly affected by pH, and the degradation efficiency in acidic condition was higher than that in neutral condition, and the kinetic equation of the electrochemical degradation system of nicosulfuron UV- was studied under alkaline condition. The results showed that the degradation process of nicosulfuron in UV- was in accordance with the first order kinetics, and the correlation coefficient was good. 3) the degradation products of nicosulfuron aerobic activated sludge system and UV- electrochemical system were identified by LC-MS. It was inferred that the degradation product M1-M7 of nicosulfuron was consistent with that obtained from aerobic activated sludge and UV- electrochemical degradation system. According to the degradation products of nicosulfuron, the possible degradation pathway was preliminarily discussed.
【学位授予单位】：齐鲁工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X592

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