肥料减施条件下水稻土壤有机碳组分对紫云英-稻草协同利用的响应

发布时间：2018-05-16 23:40

本文选题：减量施肥 + 紫云英　；参考：《水土保持学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：研究紫云英与稻草不同利用模式在化肥减量条件下稻田表层土壤有机碳及其活性组分的差异,为合理利用有机物料调控土壤肥力提供参考。采用湖南省南县连续5年(2011—2015年)大田定位试验的方法,研究了减量施肥下洞庭湖地区紫潮泥双季稻田0-20cm表层土壤总有机碳(TOC)、微生物量碳(MBC)、可溶性有机碳(DOC)、易氧化有机碳(EOC)和轻组有机碳(LFOC)对紫云英与稻草不同利用模式的响应。结果表明:与不施肥(CK)相比,单施化肥(F100)TOC、MBC、DOC、EOC和LFOC的含量均有显著上升,增幅分别为12.2%,19.5%,18.6%,11.3%和100.9%。化肥减量20%条件下紫云英与稻草利用模式更有助于有机碳组分的积累,其中晚稻留高桩还田冬种紫云英(F80+HR+A)处理效果最为突出,与CK相比,增幅分别为18.3%,47.2%,24.1%,20.0%和204.0%。减量施肥下紫云英单独利用相比稻草单独还田更益于MBC、DOC与EOC的积累,增幅分别为9.8%,4.0%和0.6%,土壤LFOC则相反,下降了34.8%。敏感指数分析表明土壤有机碳及其活性组分中LFOC对土壤质量变化最为敏感,其次是MBC,二者可作为衡量土壤质量状况的良好指标。F80+HR+A各有机碳组分敏感性均显著高于F100处理。相关性分析表明水稻产量、土壤有机碳及其组分之间均呈极显著相关(p0.01)。综上所述,化肥减量条件下不同紫云英与稻草利用模式对紫潮泥稻田土壤有机碳及其活性组分含量的影响存在明显差异,稻草还田能够显著提高土壤总有机碳和轻组有机碳的含量,紫云英的利用则有利于土壤微生物量碳、可溶性有机碳和易氧化有机碳的积累,而紫云英与稻草协同利用模式,尤其是晚稻留高桩还田冬种紫云英更有助于土壤有机碳及其活性组分的积累。
[Abstract]:To study the difference of organic carbon and its active components in surface soil of paddy field under the condition of fertilizer reduction with different utilization modes of Astragalus and straw, and to provide a reference for the rational use of organic materials to regulate soil fertility. Using the method of field positioning test in Nanxian County, Hunan Province for 5 consecutive years (2011-2015), The responses of 0-20cm topsoil total organic carbon (TOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), soluble organic carbon (DOC), easily oxidized organic carbon (EOC) and light group organic carbon (LFOC) to different utilization patterns of Ziyun and rice straw were studied under reduced fertilization. The results showed that the contents of EOC and LFOC in TOC and LFOC were significantly higher than that in CK without fertilizer application, with an increase of 12.2and 19.5and 18.6cm 11.3and 100.9g, respectively. Under the condition of 20% fertilizer reduction, the utilization pattern of Zyunyunying and rice straw was more helpful to the accumulation of organic carbon components, among which, the treatment effect of late rice with high pile and winter seed F80A was the most outstanding. Compared with CK, the increase rates were 18.3ng 47.2% and 204.0%, respectively, and 204.0%, respectively. Compared with the application of rice straw alone, Ziyunying could benefit the accumulation of EOC and DOC by 9.8% and 0.6%, respectively, while the soil LFOC was decreased by 34.8wt%. The sensitivity index analysis showed that LFOC was the most sensitive to soil quality change, followed by MBC, which could be used as a good index to evaluate soil quality. F80HR A was significantly more sensitive than F100 treatment. Correlation analysis showed that rice yield, soil organic carbon and its components were significantly correlated with each other (P 0.01). In conclusion, there were significant differences in the effects of different patterns of utilization of Ziyunxin and rice straw on soil organic carbon and its active components in purple tide paddy field under the condition of chemical fertilizer reduction. Straw returning to the field could significantly increase the content of soil total organic carbon and light organic carbon, while the utilization of Ziyun was beneficial to the accumulation of microbial biomass carbon, soluble organic carbon and easily oxidized organic carbon. Especially the late rice pile returning to winter is more helpful to the accumulation of soil organic carbon and its active components.
【作者单位】：湖南农业大学资源环境学院;湖南省土壤肥料研究所;农业部湖南耕地保育科学观测实验站;中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所;
【基金】：农业公益性行业科研专项(201103005-08) 国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD05B05-3) 国际植物营养研究所科研项目(Hunan-16)
【分类号】：S153.6

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