掺混菜籽油渣减少土壤入渗改善持水特性

发布时间：2018-05-17 15:33

本文选题：土壤 + 水分　；参考：《农业工程学报》2017年02期

【摘要】：针对目前植物油渣较少应用于农业生产的现状,为探明植物油渣对土壤水分运动和土壤持水特性的影响,采用室内一维土柱入渗试验,以耕作层土壤为研究对象,定量掺混植物油渣,对比研究3种不同掺混深度(14、24和34 cm)条件下的土壤水分入渗特性,并对掺混油渣土壤的持水能力进行分析。结果表明:1)Philip和Kostiakov入渗模型均可用于描述掺混油渣条件的土壤水分入渗特性及参数拟合(R~20.99);2)与纯土相比,掺混植物油渣可有效减小累积入渗量和入渗速率,根层掺混油渣(34 cm土层)最大可分别减少累积入渗量和入渗速率约11.0%和41.7%;3)入渗结束时基于土壤剖面水分分布特征,土壤掺混植物油渣有利于提高土壤饱和含水率和根层土壤含水率,与纯土相比分别提高约14.3%和11.3%,有效增强了土壤持水能力;4)土壤掺混植物油渣可增加黏粒和粉粒、降低砂粒含量。该研究可为农田生产中植物油渣推广奠定理论基础,同时为植物油渣的田间土壤改良及应用提供参考。
[Abstract]:In order to find out the effect of vegetable oil residue on soil moisture movement and soil water retention, a one-dimensional soil-column infiltration experiment was carried out in laboratory, and the cultivated layer soil was taken as the research object in view of the present situation that vegetable oil residue is seldom used in agricultural production. The infiltration characteristics of soil water under three different mixing depths (1424 and 34 cm) were studied and the water holding capacity of the mixed oil residue soil was analyzed. The results showed that the infiltration characteristics of soil water and the fitting of the parameters of the two models can be used to describe the conditions of mixed oil slag.) compared with pure soil, the mixed vegetable oil residue can effectively reduce the cumulative infiltration amount and infiltration rate. The maximum amount of cumulative infiltration and infiltration rate were decreased by 11.0% and 41.7%, respectively, at the end of infiltration, based on the water distribution characteristics of soil profile. Soil mixed with vegetable oil residue can increase soil saturated water content and root layer soil moisture content, which is about 14.3% and 11.3% higher than pure soil, respectively, which can effectively enhance the water holding capacity of soil (4) soil mixed vegetable oil residue can increase clay and silt. Reduce sand content. This study can lay a theoretical foundation for the popularization of vegetable oil residue in farmland production and provide a reference for the field soil improvement and application of vegetable oil residue.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院;西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51279167,51379173) 公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503124) 高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20120204110023)
【分类号】：S152.7

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