岩溶区免耕和翻耕措施对裸坡耕地产流产沙过程的影响

发布时间：2018-05-17 17:32

本文选题：西南岩溶区 + 免耕措施　；参考：《水土保持学报》2017年01期

【摘要】：为揭示不同耕作措施对岩溶地区坡耕地产流产沙的影响,采用独立设计土槽、室内人工模拟降雨的方法,通过设定一定雨强下研究不同耕作措施对西南岩溶区裸坡耕地径流与土壤流失特征。结果表明:雨强为63mm/h,坡度小于10°时,翻耕措施能够加快地下孔隙的产流时间,而免耕能够滞缓其产流,翻耕的产沙量为免耕的66%;当坡度大于10°时,翻耕措施能够延缓地下孔隙的产流时间,而免耕则加速其产流,翻耕的产沙量分别为免耕的16%和6%。雨强为100mm/h,坡度小于10°时,随着坡度的增大,翻耕措施会加速地下孔隙流的汇流过程,免耕的产沙量是翻耕的41%;坡度大于10°时,翻耕措施能延缓地表径流的汇流过程,且翻耕的产沙量为免耕的68%和0.9%。同一坡度和雨强下,翻耕措施较免耕措施可减少土壤随径流流失。
[Abstract]:In order to reveal the influence of different tillage measures on runoff and sediment yield of sloping farmland in karst area, a method of independently designing soil trough and simulating rainfall artificially in laboratory was adopted. The characteristics of runoff and soil loss of bare sloping farmland in karst area of southwest China were studied by setting a certain rainfall intensity. The results show that when the rainfall intensity is 63 mm / h and the slope is less than 10 掳, tillage measures can accelerate the runoff production time of underground pores, while no-tillage can slow down the runoff, and the sediment yield of tillage is 66% of that of no-tillage, and when the slope is greater than 10 掳, the sediment yield of tillage is 66% of that of no-tillage, and when the slope is more than 10 掳, Tillage can delay the time of runoff in underground pores, while no-tillage accelerates its runoff. The sediment yield of tillage is 16% and 6% of that of no-tillage, respectively. When the rainfall intensity is 100 mm / h and the slope is less than 10 掳, with the increase of slope, tillage measures will speed up the flow convergence process of underground pore flow, the sediment yield of no-tillage is 41% of tilling, and when the slope is more than 10 掳, tillage measures can delay the flow convergence process of surface runoff. The sediment yield of tillage was 68% and 0.9% of that of no-tillage. Under the same slope and rain intensity, tillage could reduce soil loss with runoff compared with no-tillage.
【作者单位】：桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室;桂林理工大学岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心;中国科学院环江喀斯特生态系统观测站;华中农业大学资源与环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41301289) 广西矿冶与环境科学实验中心项目(KH2012ZD004) 广西高等学校高水平创新团队卓越学者计划项目(002401013001)
【分类号】：S157

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