葡萄生单轴霉重寄生菌F3的鉴定及防治效果测定

发布时间：2018-05-18 12:07

  本文选题：生物防治 + 层生镰刀菌　； 参考：《植物保护学报》2017年04期

【摘要】：为明确从生长异常的葡萄霜霉层上分离获得的菌株F3对葡萄生单轴霉Plasmopara viticola的重寄生作用及对葡萄霜霉病的防治效果,通过光学和扫描电子显微镜观察菌株F3对葡萄生单轴霉的重寄生作用,并对菌株F3进行形态特征观察及28S rDNA序列分析,采用孢子囊萌发抑制和离体叶片点样法测定该菌株对葡萄霜霉病的防治效果。结果表明,菌株F3对葡萄生单轴霉表现出覆盖、缠绕的重寄生现象。结合形态特征与序列分析结果将该菌株最终鉴定为层生镰刀菌Fusarium proliferatum。菌株F3分生孢子悬浮液及其无菌发酵液对葡萄霜霉菌孢子囊萌发具有显著的抑制作用,抑制率分别为86.8%和83.1%;经菌株F3分生孢子悬浮液预防处理后的离体葡萄叶片发病率为10.9%,显著低于对照的发病率98.8%,防治效果达88.9%;菌株F3分生孢子悬浮液与葡萄霜霉病菌孢子囊混合后点样接种处理的叶片发病率为50.0%,也显著低于对照,防治效果为49.1%;而治疗处理的叶片发病率与对照间无显著差异。表明层生镰刀菌对葡萄生单轴霉具有重寄生作用,且对葡萄霜霉病具有较强的预防控制作用。
[Abstract]:In order to determine the hyperparasitic effect of strain F3 on Plasmopara viticola and its control effect on grape downy mildew, the strain F3 was isolated from the layer of Grape frostbite with abnormal growth. The hyperparasitic effect of strain F3 on monoaxial fungi of grape was observed by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The morphological characteristics of strain F3 were observed and the 28s rDNA sequence was analyzed. The control effect of this strain on grape downy mildew was determined by spore germination inhibition and leaf spot method in vitro. The results showed that the strain F _ 3 was highly parasitic to monoaxial fungi of grape. The strain was identified as Fusarium proliferatum by morphological characteristics and sequence analysis. The spore suspension of strain F3 and its aseptic fermentation liquid could significantly inhibit the germination of sporangium of S. grapevine. The rate of inhibition was 86.8% and 83.1%, respectively, and the incidence of isolated grape leaves treated with strain F3 conidia suspension was 10.9, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (98.8%), and the control effect was 88.9%, and strain F3 conidia suspension and grape downy mildew. The incidence of leaf inoculation was 50.0, which was significantly lower than that of the control. The control effect was 49.1, but there was no significant difference between the treatment and the control. The results showed that Fusarium laminalis had a high parasitic effect on monoaxial fungi of grape and had a strong preventive and control effect on downy mildew of grape.
【作者单位】： 河北农业大学林学院河北省林木种质资源与森林保护重点实验室;河北省山区研究所;
【基金】：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203035)
【分类号】：S436.631.1;S476.1
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本文编号：1905773