土地利用变化对海南土壤水源涵养功能的影响

发布时间：2018-05-20 11:48

  本文选题：土地利用变化 + 土壤持水性能　； 参考：《应用生态学报》2017年12期

【摘要】：热带地区已有大量原始林转变为其他土地利用类型,影响了陆地生态系统的水源涵养功能.为了明确热带原始林转变为其他土地类型对土壤水源涵养功能的影响,在海南中部山区选择4种典型土地利用类型,包括林龄大于100年的原始林(VF)、10年生次生林(SF)、12年生槟榔林(AF)和35年生橡胶林(RF),评估土地利用变化对土壤持水性能和水源涵养功能指数(SWI)的影响.结果表明:与原始林相比,表层土壤(0~10 cm)中,其他土地类型土壤持水性能指标均降低,12年槟榔林各土层指标均最低.土壤含水量和最大持水量与植被郁闭度、土壤有机质和土壤容重显著相关,表明郁闭度、土壤有机质和紧实度的改变是土壤持水性能变化的重要原因.与原始林相比,次生林、槟榔林和橡胶林土壤水源涵养功能分别减少27.7%、54.3%和11.5%,不同土层的差异各异,橡胶林仅表层土壤水源涵养功能显著降低.植被郁闭度、土壤有机质和土壤容重可解释土壤水源涵养功能变量的83.3%.土地利用转变显著改变了土壤持水性能和土壤水源涵养功能,相比12年槟榔林,35年橡胶林能更好地保持土壤水分,土地管理中增加土壤有机质和减少土壤紧实度可改善土壤持水性能及水源涵养功能.
[Abstract]:A large number of primitive forests have been transformed into other land use types in tropical regions, which have affected the water conservation function of terrestrial ecosystems. In order to clarify the effect of the transformation of tropical primitive forest into other land types on soil water conservation function, four typical land use types were selected in the mountainous area of central Hainan. The effects of land use change on soil water holding capacity and water conservation function index (SWI) were evaluated, including VFN, 10 year old secondary forest, areca catechu (12 years old) and 35 years old rubber forest. The results showed that, compared with the original forest, the soil moisture retention index of other soil types decreased, and the soil layer index of areca nut forest in 12 years was the lowest in the topsoil soil (0 ~ 10 cm). Soil moisture content and maximum water holding capacity were significantly correlated with vegetation canopy, soil organic matter and soil bulk density, indicating that the changes of canopy, soil organic matter and soil compactness were important reasons for the change of soil moisture retention. Compared with the original forest, the soil water conservation function of secondary forest, betel nut forest and rubber forest was reduced by 27.7% and 11.553%, respectively. The difference between different soil layers was different, and the water conservation function of rubber forest was significantly decreased only in surface soil. Vegetation canopy density, soil organic matter and soil bulk density can explain 83.3% of soil water conservation function variable. Land use change significantly changed soil water holding capacity and soil water conservation function. Compared with areca nut forest of 12 years, 35 years rubber forest can better maintain soil moisture. Increasing soil organic matter and reducing soil compactness in land management can improve soil water holding capacity and water conservation function.
【作者单位】： 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室;中国科学院大学;海南鹦哥岭国家级自然保护区管理站;中国科学院城市环境与健康重点实验室/中国科学院城市环境研究所;厦门城市代谢重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0503401)资助~~
【分类号】：S152.7
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本文编号：1914500