退耕驱动的近地表特性变化对土壤侵蚀的潜在影响

发布时间：2018-05-20 19:52

本文选题：黄土高原 + 退耕还林(草)工程　；参考：《中国水土保持科学》2017年04期

【摘要】：黄土高原是我国、乃至全球土壤侵蚀最严重的区域之一,侵蚀强度及时空分布特征受近地表特性的显著影响。退耕还林(草)工程大面积的有效实施,势必会引起近地表特性(土壤理化性质、植被茎秆、枯落物、生物结皮、根系系统)的显著变化,进而对坡面径流的水动力学特性及侵蚀过程产生影响。本文从退耕驱动的近地表特性变化、近地表特性变化对坡面径流水动力学特性的影响、近地表特性变化对土壤侵蚀过程(土壤分离、泥沙输移、泥沙沉积)的影响及其机制、区域土壤侵蚀对退耕的响应4个方面较为系统地总结近几十年国内外的研究成果,并提出了目前亟待强化的研究领域。这对理解退耕坡面土壤侵蚀过程及其动力机制、建立植被覆盖坡面的土壤侵蚀过程模型、评价退耕坡面的水土保持效益,具有重要的理论意义。
[Abstract]:Loess Plateau is one of the most serious soil erosion areas in China and even the whole world. Erosion intensity and space-time distribution are significantly affected by near-surface characteristics. The effective implementation of the conversion of cropland to forest (grass) project will inevitably cause significant changes in near-surface characteristics (soil physical and chemical properties, plant stem, litter, biological crust, root system). Furthermore, the hydrodynamic characteristics and erosion process of slope runoff are affected. In this paper, the effects of the change of near-surface characteristics on the hydrodynamic characteristics of runoff, the effects of changes of near-surface characteristics on soil erosion processes (soil separation, sediment transport, sediment deposition) and its mechanism are discussed. Four aspects of the response of regional soil erosion to returning farmland are summarized systematically in recent decades and the research fields that need to be strengthened are put forward. It is of great theoretical significance to understand the process of soil erosion and its dynamic mechanism, to establish the soil erosion process model of vegetation cover slope, and to evaluate the benefit of soil and water conservation.
【作者单位】：地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室北京师范大学;北京师范大学地理科学学部;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重点项目“退耕驱动近地表特性变化对侵蚀过程的影响及其动力机制”(41530858) “十三五”国家重大研发计划“黄土丘陵沟壑区坡体-植被系统稳定性及生态灾害阻控技术”(2017YFC0504702)
【分类号】：S157.1

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