基本农田规划决策支持:模型构建与系统研发

发布时间：2018-05-21 15:01

本文选题：基本农田 + 分等定级　；参考：《生态环境学报》2017年10期

【摘要】：基本农田的保护是确保粮食安全的"底线"。随着中国1.03亿公顷永久基本农田的划定工作进入尾声,基本农田划定中的高效操作经验有待系统梳理和总结。文章依据沈阳苏家屯区土地利用调查分等定级成果,构建基本农田识别划定模型,辅以决策支持系统的开发,探索科学识别、快速划定基本农田,减轻人为干扰,提高基本农田的识别划定效率的方法。该研究提取9项评价指标——自然质量分、自然质量等指数、土地利用等指数、农用地等别指数、耕作距离、中心城市影响度、道路通达度、对外交通便利度、农贸市场影响度,通过主成分分析"降维"为3个主成分因子,特征值分别为5.084、1.342、1.011,累积贡献率达到82.632%。其中,土地利用等指数、农用地等别指数、自然质量等指数、自然质量分、农贸市场影响度在第一主成分上有较高载荷,反映自然条件和社会投入-产出值对耕地综合质量的影响;对外交通便利度、中心城市影响度在第二主成分上有较高的载荷,反映区位条件对耕地综合质量的影响;耕作距离在第三成分上有较高的载荷,反映经济条件对耕地综合质量的影响。利用主成分分析计算耕地综合质量指数,再预测基本农田规划面积约束,建立0-1整数规划模型,识别筛选综合质量指数较高耕地,通过决策系统快速划定入选基本农田的耕地。该模型全面反映了自然因素、经济因素、区位因素对耕地综合质量的影响,其决策系统的模型构建与系统应用为区县尺度的基本农田划定提供了科学识别、基本农田面积确定和基本农田的划定三大功能,使基本农田规划决策工作得以有效提升。
[Abstract]:The protection of basic farmland is the "bottom line" to ensure food security. With the completion of the demarcation of 103 million hectares of permanent basic farmland in China, the experience of efficient operation in the demarcation of basic farmland needs to be systematically combed and summarized. Based on the grading results of land use investigation in Sujiatun District of Shenyang, this paper constructs a basic farmland identification and demarcation model, with the help of the development of decision support system, explores scientific identification, quickly delimits basic farmland, and reduces human disturbance. A method for improving the efficiency of identifying and delineating basic farmland. In this study, we extracted 9 evaluation indexes-natural quality score, natural quality index, land use index, agricultural land use index, farming distance, influence degree of central city, road accessibility, external traffic convenience, etc. Through principal component analysis (PCA), the three principal component factors were "reduced dimension", and the characteristic values were 5.084 ~ 1.342U ~ (1.011), respectively, and the cumulative contribution rate was 82.632%. Among them, land use index, agricultural land index and so on, natural quality index, natural quality score and farmers' market influence degree have higher load on the first principal component. It reflects the influence of natural condition and social input-output value on the comprehensive quality of cultivated land, the external traffic convenience and the influence degree of central city have higher load on the second principal component, which reflects the influence of location condition on the comprehensive quality of cultivated land. Tillage distance has higher load on the third component, which reflects the influence of economic conditions on the comprehensive quality of cultivated land. The comprehensive quality index of cultivated land is calculated by principal component analysis, and then the constraint of basic farmland planning area is forecasted. The 0-1 integer programming model is established to identify and screen the cultivated land with high comprehensive quality index, and the cultivated land selected for basic farmland is quickly delimited by the decision system. The model comprehensively reflects the influence of natural factors, economic factors and location factors on the comprehensive quality of cultivated land. The model construction and system application of the decision-making system provide scientific identification for the basic farmland delineation at the district and county scale. The three functions of determining the basic farmland area and delimiting the basic farmland make the basic farmland planning decision work improve effectively.
【作者单位】：北京林业大学水土保持学院重点实验室;湖南省第三测绘院;
【基金】：国家重点研发项目(2017YFC0505500) 林业科技创新平台运行补助项目(2016-LYPT-SY-013) 国家科技支撑项目(2006BAB15B05)
【分类号】：F323.211

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