特旱条件下玉米自交系抗旱性评价

发布时间：2018-05-22 09:44

本文选题：特旱 + 玉米自交系　；参考：《干旱地区农业研究》2016年04期

【摘要】：为了发掘和利用玉米抗旱种质资源,选育耐旱高产的玉米杂交种,通过全生育期控水试验,对58个玉米优良自交系的抗旱性进行了鉴定和评价,并进行了抗旱性聚类和遗传背景分析。结果表明:在特旱条件下,58个自交系减产幅度为40.6%~100%,平均产量下降了81.6%;结实率、穗行数、行粒数、出籽率4个性状分别与抗旱系数或抗旱指数存在显著或极显著的相关性,可作为玉米自交系抗旱性评价的关键指标;根据抗旱性的不同,58个自交系可划分为3类,其中第I类自交系K12、PB1139、RD6的抗旱性极强,第II类自交系CL11、郑58、P138、特早熟、Ft45-5具有较强的抗旱潜力。为了便于利用杂种优势,将不同抗旱性的自交系按照其所属遗传类群进行了再次划分,58个自交系可划分为2个类群,其中A群中抗旱性强的自交系有CL11和郑58,B群中抗旱性强的自交系有K12、PB1139、RD6、Ft45-5、P138和特早熟。
[Abstract]:In order to explore and utilize the drought resistant germplasm resources of maize and to select maize hybrids with drought tolerance and high yield, the drought resistance of 58 excellent inbred lines of maize was identified and evaluated by water control experiment during the whole growth period. The cluster and genetic background of drought resistance were analyzed. The results showed that under the condition of special drought, the yield of 58 inbred lines decreased by 40.6100 and the average yield decreased by 81.6.The seed setting rate, the number of rows per ear, the number of grains per row, and the seed yield were significantly or extremely significantly correlated with the drought resistance coefficient or drought resistance index, respectively. According to the drought resistance, 58 inbred lines can be divided into 3 types, among them, the type I inbred line K12B1139 RD6 has a strong drought resistance. Class II inbred lines CL11, Zheng 58P138, especially early maturing Ft45-5 have strong drought resistance potential. In order to make use of heterosis, the inbred lines with different drought resistance were subdivided according to their genetic groups, and 58 inbred lines could be divided into 2 groups. Among them, the inbred lines with strong drought resistance in group A are CL11 and inbred lines with strong drought resistance in group Zheng 58B are K12P1139 RD6Ft45-5P138 and especially early maturing.
【作者单位】：宝鸡市农业科学研究所;西北农林科技大学旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室;
【基金】：旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室开放课题基金(CSBAA201214) 陕西省科技厅农业科技创新与攻关项目(2016NY-004)
【分类号】：S513;S423

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