小流域地貌不同发育阶段的多重分形特征模拟研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 10:26

本文选题：小流域模型 + 地貌发育　；参考：《沈阳农业大学学报》2017年05期

【摘要】：流域地貌形态的科学量化是研究地貌学复杂问题和流域土壤侵蚀模型研究的热点问题之一。以定雨强模拟降雨作为主要驱动力,以小流域模型不同发育时段的DEM数据为基础,利用多重分形模型计算分析了小流域不同发育阶段地貌多重分形及其参数,探讨了小流域地貌不同发育阶段的多重分形特征及其表征的流域地貌意义。结果表明:在小流域地貌发育的幼年阶段,随着地貌的不断发育,地貌奇异指数分布范围△α从第2期的0.5085增至第4期的0.6716,呈增长变化趋势,平均增长幅度为16.04%,多重分形参数△f则呈现出递减趋势,降幅为29.96%,这表明在该阶段地貌发育比较活跃,沟谷发育迅速。在小流域模型地貌发育的壮年阶段,随着小流域地貌大坡度的地貌单元不断增加,地貌表面形态复杂性和差异性增大,地貌奇异指数分布范围△α和多重分形参数△f的变化趋势与地貌发育幼年阶段基本一致,△α呈增长趋势,平均增幅度5.94%,△f呈递减趋势,平均降幅为21.34%,但二者的变化幅度明显地减小,这表明壮年阶段流域地貌发育相对趋于稳定,地貌变化趋于缓和。表明多重分形参数可以科学定量表达小流域模型不同发育阶段地貌动态演化特征及地表形态的不均匀性和复杂性,对流域地貌形态的复杂体系进行定量化研究具有重要的意义。
[Abstract]:The scientific quantification of watershed geomorphology is one of the hot issues in the study of geomorphology and watershed soil erosion model. Based on the DEM data of different development periods of the small watershed model, the multifractal model is used to calculate and analyze the geomorphological multifractal and its parameters in different development stages of the small watershed. The multifractal characteristics of the small watershed geomorphology at different stages of development and the significance of the watershed geomorphology are discussed in this paper. The results show that the distribution range of geomorphological singularity exponent 伪 increases from 0.5085 in the second phase to 0.6716 in the fourth phase with the continuous development of geomorphology in the early stage of geomorphologic development in the small watershed. The average increase range is 16.044.The multifractal parameter f shows a decreasing trend with a decrease of 29.96, which indicates that the geomorphologic development is active and the gully development is rapid in this stage. In the mature stage of geomorphologic development of small watershed model, the complexity and difference of geomorphological surface morphology increased with the increasing of geomorphologic units of large slope of small watershed geomorphology. The variation trend of geomorphological singular exponential distribution range 伪 and multifractal parameter f is basically the same as that of early geomorphologic development, 伪 is increasing, the average increment is 5.94, and f is decreasing. The average decrease is 21.34, but the variation range of both is obviously reduced, which indicates that the geomorphologic development of the basin tends to be stable and the geomorphologic change tends to moderate in the mature stage. It is shown that the multifractal parameters can be used to quantitatively express the dynamic evolution characteristics of geomorphology and the heterogeneity and complexity of surface morphology in different development stages of small watershed model. It is of great significance to quantitatively study the complex system of watershed geomorphology.
【作者单位】：河南省水利勘测设计研究有限公司;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室;温州大学生命与环境科学学院;郑州大学环境与水利学院;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402404) 国家自然科学基金项目(51479180)
【分类号】：S157.1

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