施氮量对木薯养分吸收和土壤有效养分平衡的影响

发布时间：2018-05-23 15:49

本文选题：木薯 + 施氮量　；参考：《土壤》2016年05期

【摘要】：从高效施肥角度出发,采用田间试验,研究施氮量对木薯干物质积累、养分吸收及土壤有效养分含量的影响。结果表明:随施氮量的增加,茎、叶干物质积累量显著增加,但块根干物质积累量先增后降,以施氮130 kg/hm~2的最高,比不施氮增加18.13%。增加施氮量,木薯各器官磷、钾积累量及茎、叶氮积累量明显增加,块根氮积累量则先增加后下降。氮肥农学利用率、生理利用率及偏生产力随施氮量的增加而显著下降,氮肥吸收利用率以施氮130 kg/hm~2的最高,比其他处理提高11.37%~25.12%。木薯收获后,随施氮量的增加,土壤碱解氮明显增加,有效磷及速效钾不同程度下降,但各处理有效磷、速效钾及施氮195 kg/hm~2处理的有效氮明显盈余。综合分析认为,本研究条件下木薯施氮130 kg/hm~2较为适宜。
[Abstract]:The effects of nitrogen application on dry matter accumulation, nutrient absorption and soil available nutrient content in cassava were studied by field experiments. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation of stem and leaf increased significantly with the increase of nitrogen application rate, but the dry matter accumulation of tuber root increased first and then decreased, and the highest amount of nitrogen applied for 130 kg/hm~2 was 18.13% higher than that without nitrogen application. The accumulation of phosphorus, potassium, stem and leaf nitrogen in cassava organs increased significantly with the increase of nitrogen application rate, while the accumulation of nitrogen in root increased at first and then decreased. The agronomic utilization efficiency, physiological utilization efficiency and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer decreased significantly with the increase of nitrogen application rate. The highest nitrogen absorption efficiency of 130 kg/hm~2 was increased by 11.37% and 25.12% compared with other treatments. After cassava harvest, soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen increased obviously, available phosphorus and available potassium decreased in varying degrees, but available phosphorus, available potassium and available nitrogen in 195 kg/hm~2 treatment were significantly surplus. The comprehensive analysis showed that it was more suitable to apply nitrogen 130 kg/hm~2 to cassava under the condition of this study.
【作者单位】：广西科技大学鹿山学院;广西亚热带作物研究所;河池学院化学与生命科学系;
【基金】：广西自然科学基金项目(2013GXNSFBA019050) 广西教育厅广西高等学校科研立项项目(LX2014673) 广西科技大学鹿山学院科学基金项目(2013LSZK03)资助
【分类号】：S533;S158

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