人工红壤坡面对超大雨强降雨的响应过程

发布时间：2018-05-26 01:56

本文选题：超大雨强 + 人工红壤坡面　；参考：《水土保持学报》2017年05期

【摘要】：为了研究人工红壤坡面对超大雨强降雨的响应过程,利用人工模拟降雨系统和变坡土槽,分别采用140,160,190mm/h的雨强和10°,15°,20°,25°的坡度,对经过简单人工处理的红壤坡面在超大雨强降雨条件下的产流产沙响应过程进行了试验。结果表明:经过简单人工处理的红壤坡面在140~190mm/h超大雨强下的土壤侵蚀模数明显低于50~120mm/h雨强下未进行相应处理的坡面,细沟发育较为缓慢,对坡面土壤的处理方式能够有效提高坡面的抗侵蚀能力。在同雨强下,随着坡度的增加,产流时间先延长后缩短,在20°~25°存在产流的临界坡度。侵蚀模数在同雨强下随着坡度的增大呈先增大后减小的趋势,且不同雨强的临界坡度不一致,雨强为140mm/h时侵蚀临界坡度为15°~20°,雨强为160mm/h和190mm/h时侵蚀临界坡度为20°~25°。总体来看,侵蚀过程受雨强的影响大于坡度的影响,雨强为140mm/h时,不同坡度的侵蚀过程均较为平稳,细沟发育微弱;雨强为160mm/h时,侵蚀有所加强,但侵蚀过程无明显规律;雨强为190mm/h时,侵蚀主要发生在降雨的前30min,且细沟发育相对较为剧烈,30min之后趋于稳定。
[Abstract]:In order to study the response process of artificial red soil slope to super heavy rain, the rainfall intensity of 140160190mm/h and the slope of 10 掳15 掳~ 20 掳~ (25 掳) were used to simulate the rainfall system and the slope of variable slope soil, respectively. The response process of runoff and sediment yield on red soil slope treated by simple artificial treatment under the condition of super heavy rain and heavy rainfall was tested. The results showed that the soil erosion modulus of the red soil slope treated by simple manual treatment was obviously lower than that of the slope without corresponding treatment under the 140~190mm/h overheavy rain, and the rill developed slowly, and the soil erosion modulus of the red soil slope treated by simple manual treatment was obviously lower than that of the slope without corresponding treatment under the 50~120mm/h rain intensity. The treatment of slope soil can effectively improve the erosion resistance of slope. Under the same rain intensity, with the increase of slope, the runoff production time was prolonged first and then shortened, and the critical slope of runoff production existed at 20 掳~ 25 掳. Under the same rain intensity, the erosion modulus increases first and then decreases with the increase of the slope, and the critical slope of different rain intensity is different. When the rain intensity is 140mm/h, the critical slope of erosion is 15 掳/ 20 掳, and the critical slope of erosion is 20 掳(25 掳) when the rain intensity is 160mm/h and 190mm/h. As a whole, the erosion process is more affected by rain intensity than by slope. When rain intensity is 140mm/h, the erosion process of different slopes is relatively stable, and the rill development is weak, while when rain intensity is 160mm/h, erosion is strengthened, but there is no obvious regularity in erosion process. When the rain intensity is 190mm/h, erosion mainly occurs 30 minutes before rainfall, and the development of rill trenches tends to be stable after 30 minutes.
【作者单位】：桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室;桂林理工大学岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51369009) 广西自然科学基金项目(2016GXNSFAA380116) 广西矿冶与环境科学实验中心,广西高等学校高水平创新团队及卓越学者计划项目(002401013001)
【分类号】：S157.1

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